碎枝覆盖对荔枝园土壤理化特性及肥力的影响  

Effects of Shredding Branches Cover on the Physicochemical Properties and Fertility of Soil in Lychee Orchard

作　　者：张建繁 周庆祥 龚学海 曾亚妮 乔方[2] 彭刚[2] ZHANG Jian-fan;ZHOU Qing-xiang;GONG Xue-hai(Shenzhen Nanshan Xili Orchard,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518055;Shenzhen Polytechnic,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518055)

机构地区：[1]深圳市南山区西丽果场,广东深圳518055 [2]深圳职业技术学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第5期159-161,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-33-20)

摘　　要：[目的]通过碎枝覆盖研究,揭示林下土壤生态环境变化过程,为荔枝林碎枝覆盖技术推广提供相关数据。[方法]比较覆盖10 cm碎枝和未覆盖处理之间土壤表层温度、含水量、理化特性及肥力等土壤因子差异,分析碎枝覆盖1年后土壤理化特性及肥力的变化。[结果]荔枝枝条粉碎覆盖后土壤表层温度变化幅度较未覆盖变窄约2℃,使得土壤温度更加恒定。在极端气候条件下,这类效果更加显著,特别是土壤含水量。覆盖后土壤含水量基本维持在10%~20%,而未覆盖则在5%~40%。同时,覆盖1年后土壤理化特性也得到了明显改善,土壤容重降低了20%,总孔隙度增加约7%。肥力检测数据显示,覆盖区域的土壤中全钾、全镁及全硼含量显著提高。[结论]荔枝枝条粉碎覆盖1年后能有效改善林下土壤环境,并一定程度提高土壤肥力,减少营养元素的流失。[Objective]To reveal the change process of the field environment under the shredding branches cover,and provide relevant data for the promotion of the cultivation technique.[Method]The experiment had been applied a 10 cm thick cover treatment and uncover treatment.The change of field temperature,water content,physicochemical properties and fertility had been measured after treatments.[Result]After lychee shredding branches cover,the variation of the soil temperature had been narrowed by about 2℃,which made the soil temperature was relatively stable.In extreme weather conditions,the effect was more significant,especially for soil moisture.After covering,the soil water content maintained between 10%and 20%,while it was between 5%and 40%in uncovered soil.Moreover,it was found that the soil bulk density had been reduced by 20%,and the total porosity had been increased by about 7%after 1 year cover treatment.It was thought that the physical and chemical properties of soil had been significantly improved during the covering.In addition,the fertility test showed that the available potassium,total magnesium and total boron content was significantly increased in the covered area.[Conclusion]Combined the above results,after 1 year lychee branches shredding cover,the field environment was effectively improved.The loss of nutrients had been reduced,and the soil fertility had been gradually increased.

关 键 词：荔枝 碎枝 覆盖 土壤 理化特性 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]