重金属诱导细胞钙超载致细胞凋亡的分子机制研究进展  

Research advance on molecular mechanism of apoptosis induced by heavy metal-associated calcium overload

作　　者：肖元元 尹晓晨[2] 曾明[1] XIAO Yuan-yuan;YIN Xiao-chen;ZENG Ming(Department of Health Toxicology,Xiangya School of Public Health,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410078,China;Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunart 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院卫生毒理学系,湖南长沙410078 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2020年第2期252-256,F0003,共6页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81673225)课题项目:湖南省研究生科研创新项目(编号:CX20190239)

摘　　要：环境重金属污染问题日益严重,其中主要原因是工业"三废"任意排放造成的。环境中的镉(cadmium, Cd)、铬(chromium, Cr)、汞(mercury,Hg)、铅(lead,Pb)、砷(arsenic,As)等重金属均可以离子形式通过多种途径进入细胞并引起胞浆内的Ca^(2+)浓度持续升高使细胞发生钙超载,最终诱导细胞凋亡并对体内重要器官造成严重的毒性作用。其机制可能与细胞膜结构与功能的破坏、线粒体损伤和内质网应激的发生、Ca^(2+)依赖酶的激活、ROS的过度生成、Bcl-2及Caspases家族蛋白的改变等有关。本文对重金属诱导细胞钙超载致细胞凋亡的分子机制予以综述,为重金属毒性作用及其机制的研究提供参考。The pollution of heavy metals in the environment is becoming more and more serious,and the main reason is the arbitrary discharge of industrial three wastes.Heavy metals such as cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),mercury(Hg),lead(Pb)and arsenic(As)in the environment can enter cells in ionic form through a variety of ways,and result in continuously increase of Ca2+concentration in cytoplasm and Ca2+overload.Finally,they induce apoptosis and cause serious toxicity to important organs in vivo.The mechanisms may be related to the destruction of cell membrane structure and function,mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress,activation of Ca2+-dependent enzymes,overexpression of reactive oxygen species,changes of Bcl-2 and Caspases family proteins.In this paper,we review the molecular mechanism of cell apoptosis induced by heavy metal-associated calcium overload and provide references for studying heavy metal-related toxicity and its mechanism.

关 键 词：重金属 钙超载 细胞凋亡 分子机制 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]