5种硫酸盐类矿物药的电子显微特征分析  

Analysis on the Electronic Microscopy Characteristics of 5 Mineral Traditional Chinese Medicines Containing Sulfate

作　　者：陈春荣 陈龙 Chen Chunrong;Chen Long(Nanzhang People’s Hospital,Hubei Xiangyang 441500,China;Xiangyang Central Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science)

机构地区：[1]襄阳市南漳县人民医院,湖北襄阳441500 [2]湖北文理学院附属医院襄阳市中心医院

出　　处：《中国药师》2020年第1期67-73,共7页China Pharmacist

基　　金：湖北中医药大学教育部重点实验室2017年度开放基金课题;湖北省卫健委2018-2019年中医药科研项目(青年人才项目)(编号:ZY2019Q103)

摘　　要：目的:在结合X射线衍射(XRD)技术解析物相组成的基础上,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),确定硫酸盐类5种矿物药白矾、胆矾、皂矾、芒硝及石膏的电子显微特征。方法:采集白矾、胆矾、皂矾、芒硝和石膏样品,依据药典方法进行性状和理化鉴别,采集药材样品的XRD图谱,提取主要特征峰进行物相检索,确定药材的主要矿物基源。取正品药材样品,依次在不同放大倍数下采用扫描电子显微镜观测样品超微特征,并进行对比分析。结果:白矾、芒硝及胆矾SEM显微特征较为相似,微观形状上均无定型,但胆矾表面纹理规律排列,而芒硝表面纹理凹陷如水道,其表面纹理是区别三者的主要特征;皂矾为层片状堆叠而成,石膏为长板状显微集合体,两者在微观形状上均表现独特性,易于识别。结论:试验展现了几种矿物药形态特异的SEM微观结构,这些各具特点的微观结构亦可用于这些矿物药的辅助鉴别。Objective:To establish the electron microscopic characteristics of five mineral traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)containing sulfate including alumen,chalcanthitum,melanteritum,natrii sulfas and gypsum fibrosum based on the analysis of phase composition by XRD combined with scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Methods:The samples of alumen,chalcanthitum,melanteritum,natrii sulfas and gypsum fibrosum were collected,and their macroscopic and physical and chemical identification were carried out according to the pharmacopoeia methods.XRD spectra of the samples were collected,and in order to determine the main mineral sources of the samples,the main characteristic peaks were extracted for the phase retrieval.The ultrastructural characteristics of the samples were observed by SEM with different magnification,and the results were compared and analyzed.Results:The SEM microscopic characteristics of alumen,chalcanthitum and natrii sulfas were similar,while the surface texture of chalcanthitum was arranged regularly,and the surface texture of natrii sulfas was concave containing waterway.The surface texture was the main feature for distinguishing the above three.Melanteritum was stacked in layers and gypsum fibrosum was a long plate-like micro-aggregate.Both of them showed uniqueness in the micro-shape,which were easy to identify.Conclusion:XRD method has the advantages of convenience,rapidity and accuracy in identifying the mineral TCM.In addition,SEM shows the specific morphological structure of mineral TCM,which can also be used for the identification of mineral TCM.

关 键 词：矿物药 白矾 胆矾 皂矾 芒硝 石膏 电子显微镜 X射线衍射 鉴别 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]