深圳市企业生产原料中职业危害因素正己烷来源分析  

Source analysis of occupational hazardous factors n-hexane in factory raw materials for production of Shenzhen City

作　　者：刘灵辉 钟伟燕[2] 尹江伟[2] LIU Ling-hui;ZHONG Wei-yan;YIN Jiang-wei(Fuyong Institute for Prevention and Healthcare of Bao'an District,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518103,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区福永预防保健所,广东深圳518103 [2]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518103

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2020年第1期94-96,103,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：深圳市宝安区卫生检验医学重点学科资助

摘　　要：目的了解正己烷作为职业危害因素在工厂生产中的来源情况,做好危害因素控制和提高检测工作的准确性。方法使用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析2017年采集或送检至宝安区疾病预防控制中心,用于职业危害因素识别的有机溶剂等各种生产原料共计738份样品。对测定结果进行分析和总结,寻找正己烷存在的规律。结果738份样品中挥发性有机组分的检出率为90.4%;正己烷检出率为14.9%;正己烷峰面积占挥发性有机组分总峰面积百分比的数据呈现正偏态分布,中位数为10%,低于20%的占到了整个数据的95%;伴随着正己烷一起被检出的组分以烷烃、环烷烃为主;正己烷与2-甲基戊烷、3-甲基戊烷共存情况占90%以上,与甲基环戊烷共存情况占70%以上;本批样品中没有发现正己烷单独存在的情况。结论在深圳市的职业病危害因素正己烷已不再独立存在,其主要与其他烷烃、环烷烃合并存在,现场评价人员应关注共存化学物质带来的联合致病作用,实验室人员在正己烷分析中应注意常见共存化合物对检测分析造成的干扰。Objective To understand the sources of n-hexane as an occupational hazardous factor in the production of factories,control the hazard factors,and improve the accuracy of detection work.Methods A total of 738 samples of organic solvents and other raw materials were collected or sent to the Bao'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2017,analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the identification of occupational hazards.The results were analyzed and summarized to find out the regularity of n-hexane.Results The detection rate of volatile organic compounds in 738 samples was 90.4%;the detection rate of n-hexane was 14.9%;the data of n-hexane peak area as a percentage of total volatile organic components showed a positive skewness distribution,with a median value of 10%,less than 20%accounting for 95%of the total data;alkanes and naphthenes were the main components detected along with n-hexane;it showed that more than 90%of n-hexane was coexisted with 2-methylpentane and more than 70%with methylcyclopentane.No separate presence of n-hexane was found in this batch of samples.Conclusion The occupational hazard factor n-hexane no longer exists independently in Shenzhen.It mainly exists in the combination with other alkanes and cycloparaffin.Field evaluators should be concerned with the combined pathogenicity of co-existing chemicals,and laboratory personnel should pay attention to the interference of common co-existing compounds in n-hexane analysis.

关 键 词：正己烷 职业危害因素 气相色谱-质谱联用法 

分 类 号：R136[医药卫生—劳动卫生]