巷道断裂顶板的力学分析与数值模拟研究  

Mechanical analysis and numerical simulation of broken roof in roadway

作　　者：吴森 王平 许梦国 程爱平 李向东 WU Sen;WANG Ping;XU Mengguo;CHENG Aiping;LI Xiangdong(Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources,School of Resources and Environment,Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境学院冶金矿产资源高效利用与造块湖北省重点实验室

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2020年第2期34-37,共4页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51604195)

摘　　要：为研究顶板断裂对巷道稳定性的影响,以程潮铁矿-500m巷道断裂顶板为研究对象,运用结构力学方法建立了巷道断裂顶板的简支梁力学模型,分析顶板在稳定、断裂和右端锚固这3个阶段的受力特征,绘制3个阶段岩梁不同的构造、剪力图以及弯矩图,从宏观力学展现断裂顶板垮冒等地压显现的机理。推导了断裂顶板的挠度表达式,由表达式可知:挠度随着均布荷载的增大而呈线性增大,随着顶板长度的增大呈几何倍增。因此在上部应力较为集中和断裂顶板长度较长的区域应该加大支护力度。运用数值模拟软件模拟断裂顶板的应力分布与位移情况,得出断裂顶板的地压规律:随着开挖的进行,顶板完全断裂后,应力与位移量随着与断裂面距离的减小而增大,在断裂面处应力与位移量达到峰值,且出现应力跳跃和不均匀沉降,此时地压灾害极易发生。In order to study the influence of roof fracture on roadway stability,taking the fracture roof of -500 m roadway in Chengchao Iron Mine as the research object,the mechanical model of simply supported beam for the fractured roof of roadway is built using the method of structural mechanics to analyze the stress characteristics of roof at three stages of stability,fracture and right anchorage,to draw the diagrams of different structure,shear diagram and bending moment of the rock beam in the three stages and to show the mechanism of roof caving and equivalent ground pressure from the macroscopic mechanics.The expression of the deflection of the fractured roof is derived.The expression shows that the deflection increases linearly with the increase of uniform load,and multiplies geometrically with the increase of the length of the roof.Therefore,in the area where the upper stress is more concentrated and the length of the fractured roof is longer,the support should be strengthened.Numerical simulation software is used to simulate the stress distribution and displacement of the fractured roof to obtain the ground pressure law of the fractured roof.With the excavation proceeding,after the roof is completely fractured,the stress and displacement increase with the decrease of the distance from the fault surface,and the stress and displacement reach the peak at the fault surface,and the stress jump and uneven settlement occur,at which time the ground pressure disaster is easy to occur.

关 键 词：断裂顶板 力学分析 数值模拟 地压规律 挠度 断裂面 岩梁 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]