基于核聚类的嗅觉神经网络对气味模式的识别  

ODOR PATTERN RECOGNITION OF THE OLFACTORY NEURAL NETWORK BASED ON KERNEL CLUSTERING

作　　者：诸震宇 王如彬[1] Zhu Zhenyu;Wang Rubin(Institute for Cognitive Neurodynamics,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200231,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学认知神经动力学研究所

出　　处：《动力学与控制学报》2020年第1期93-101,共9页Journal of Dynamics and Control

摘　　要：嗅觉系统是生物感觉神经系统中非常重要的组成部分。当嗅觉感受器接收到气味刺激时,其将化学信号转换为电信号并传递给嗅球,嗅球对信息进行整合与编码,继而将其传递到大脑嗅皮层,最终产生嗅觉。对于嗅觉神经网络的建模以及嗅觉信息处理的研究有助于理解嗅觉系统是如何有效区分不同种类与浓度的气味。本文在由僧帽细胞、颗粒细胞以及球旁细胞所构成的传统嗅球模型基础上,引人了嗅皮层来构建完整的嗅觉网络模型,并考虑了抑制性突触可塑性在网络接受刺激时的学习作用。其仿真结果表明抑制性突触可塑性可以平衡嗅皮层中兴奋性和抑制性的突触电流,从而使得嗅皮层对于气味刺激表现为特定的发放模式。嗅皮层对于不同种类的气味刺激表现为不同的发放模式,而对于同一种类不同浓度的气味刺激表现为相似的发放模式与不同程度的发放强度。同时提出了基于核方法的层次聚类和模糊聚类算法来实现对不同种类纯气味的识别和对混合气味中各种气味成分的识别。Olfactory system is an important component in biological sensory nervous system.When olfactory receptor receives odor stimulation,it will transfer chemical signal into electrical signal,and deliver to the olfactory bulb,where integrates and codes the olfactory information,further to the cerebral olfactory cortex to generate olfaction.Establishment of olfactory neural network for the research of olfactory information processing is helpful to understand how olfactory system effectively differentiatesodors with different types and concentrations.Based on the traditional olfactory bulb model composed of mitral cells,granule cells and periglomerular cells,olfactory cortex was introduced to establish a complete olfactory neural network model.Meanwhile,inhibitory synaptic plasticity was considered when network was receiving stimulation.Theresults of simulation indicated that inhibitory synaptic plasticity could balance excitatory and inhibitory synaptic current in the olfactory cortex with specific firing patterns under odor stimulation.Olfactory cortex shows different firing patterns to different odor stimulations,and presents similar firing patterns and different firing strengths to the same type of odor at different concentrations.Meanwhile,based on hierarchical clustering and fuzzy clustering,recognition to pure odors and mixed odors is realized.

关 键 词：嗅觉系统 气味识别 突触可塑性 核聚类算法 

分 类 号：Q434[生物学—生理学] TP183[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]