某院428株铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药性分析  

Clinical distribution and drug resistance analysis of 428 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a hospital

作　　者：陈云 安华 李前辉[1] 孙虹[1] 孙卫国[1] 郑绍同[1] 付启云[1] CHEN Yun;AN Hua;LI Qianhui(Department of Infectious Diseases,Huaian First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,Huaian City 223000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院感染科

出　　处：《临床合理用药杂志》2019年第35期11-12,15,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rational Drug Use

摘　　要：目的分析医院428株铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药性,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供实验室依据。方法对医院2016年1-12月住院和门诊患者临床分离的428株铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果共分离428株铜绿假单胞菌,其中多重耐药菌93株(21. 7%),秋冬季共255株(59. 6%),主要来源于痰和咽拭子(82. 2%)、分泌物(4. 7%)、尿液(3. 5%)等,分布科室主要为神经外科(15. 0%)、综合重症监护病房(14. 3%)、呼吸科(11. 2%)、神经内科(7. 9%)等;铜绿假单胞菌对多黏菌素B耐药率最低(4. 2%),对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率均低于10%,对美罗培南耐药率最高(> 20%),对其余常见抗菌药物耐药率为10%~20%。结论医院428株铜绿假单胞菌主要来源于痰和咽拭子,以秋冬季感染多见,以神经外科、ICU和呼吸科分布为主,应加强对铜绿假单胞菌耐药性监测及选用合适的抗生素,减少多重耐药菌株。Objective To analyze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of 428 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the hospital,and provide a laboratory basis for the rational selection of antibacterial drugs in the clinic. Methods The clinical distribution and drug resistance of 428 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinically isolated from inpatients and outpatients in the hospital from January to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 428 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated,of which 93 were multidrug-resistant( 21. 7%),and 255( 59. 6%) in autumn and winter,mainly from sputum and throat swabs( 82. 2%) and secretions( 4. 7%),Urine( 3. 5%),etc. The distribution departments are mainly neurosurgery( 15. 0%),integrated intensive care unit( 14. 3%),respiratory department( 11. 2%),and neurology( 7. 9%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa has the lowest resistance rate to polymyxin B( 4. 2%),resistance rates to cefoperazone/sulbactam are less than 10%,and the highest resistance rate to meropenem( > 20%),Resistance to other common antimicrobials is 10% to 20%. Conclusion Hospital 428 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mainly come from sputum and pharyngeal swabs,which are more common in autumn and winter. It is mainly distributed in neurosurgery,ICU and respiratory department. Monitoring of resistance to P. aeruginosa and selection of appropriate antibiotics should be strengthened to reduce multidrug-resistant strains.

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 临床分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]