不同品种玉米对蔬菜大棚土壤次生盐渍化的改良效应  

Amelioration of Zea mays on Secondary Salinization of Vegetable Greenhouse Soil

作　　者：雷菲 谭皓 肖彤斌 符传良 刘国彪 张冬明 吴宇佳 张文[4] LEI Fei;TAN Hao;XIAO Tongbin;FU Chuangliang;LIU Guobiao;ZHANG Dongming;WUYujia;ZHANG Wen(Institute of Agro-Environment and Soil,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Hainan Arable Land Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China;Hainan Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China;Vegetable Research Institute,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,海南海口571100 [2]农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站,海南海口571100 [3]海南省耕地保育重点实验室,海南海口571100 [4]海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,海南海口571100

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第2期237-243,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(No.ZDKJ2017001);海南省省属科研院所技术开发专项(No.KYYS-2019-10);海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.318QN296)。

摘　　要：为了解玉米对蔬菜大棚土壤次生盐渍化的改良效应,以‘鲜玉糯2号’、‘泰系2号’、‘泰系3号’、‘伯洪5号’和‘美兰16号’5种玉米为研究对象,对其养分积累情况、不同土层养分和次生盐渍化的变化情况进行研究。结果表明:(1)‘鲜玉糯2号’的总生物量、吸氮量、吸磷量、吸钙量和吸镁量最高,分别为714.94、12.30、2.70、6.11、1.13 kg/667 m2;(2)与不种植任何填闲作物的对照相比,各品种玉米对土壤0~20 cm的碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙和交换性镁含量均有一定的消减作用,其中‘鲜玉糯2号’对碱解氮、速效磷、交换性钙和交换性镁含量消减能力最佳;(3)种植玉米使土壤0~20 cm的电导率下降15.18%~35.43%,其中‘鲜玉糯2号’下降幅度最大。蔬菜大棚在休闲期种植玉米,能有效降低养分的积累,缓解土壤次生盐渍化。In order to understand the improvement effects of Zea mays on the secondary salinization of vegetable greenhouse soil,five cultivars of Z.mays(Xianyunuo 2,Taixi 2,Taixi 3,Bohong 5 and Meilan 16)were selected to study the nutrient accumulation of maize and the variation of soil nutrient,secondary salinization in different soil layers.The total biomass,nitrogen uptake,phosphorus uptake,calcium uptake and magnesium uptake of Xianyunuo 2 were the highest,which was 714.94,12.30,2.70,6.11 and 1.13 kg/667 m2,respectively.Compared with no catch crop,maize palnting could reduce the content of soil available N,available P,available K,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium in the 0–20 cm soil layer,and the reduction of soil available N,available P,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium content of Xianyunuo 2 were bigger than those of the other cultivars.Soil EC of the 0–20 cm soil layer dropped by 15.18%to 35.43%after the five cultivars planted,and Xianyunuo 2 showed the largest decline.Therefore,in the interim period of vegetable greenhouse,planting maize could reduce soil nutrient accumulation and remit soil secondary salinization.

关 键 词：蔬菜大棚 玉米 土壤次生盐渍化 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]