《现代汉语词典》中复杂词汇单位立目分析——词汇化视角  

Towards the Lemma Status of Multi-word Expressions in Modern Chinese Dictionary: A Lexicalization Perspective

作　　者：于屏方[1] 杜家利[2] Yu Pingfang;Du Jiali

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学中文学院,广州510420 [2]广东外语外贸大学语言工程与计算重点实验室,广州510420

出　　处：《辞书研究》2020年第2期10-19,I0001,共11页Lexicographical Studies

基　　金：广东外语外贸大学人文社会科学重点研究基地“汉语国际教育文化研究中心”资助

摘　　要：复杂词汇单位指在形式上大于词,功能上等于词的语言单位。在《现代汉语词典》各版本中,复杂词汇单位主要采取三种立目策略:分解策略、整体策略和兼容策略,但一部分复杂词汇单位立目策略的选择没有充分考虑复杂词汇单位自身的语言特点。文章从词汇化角度,分析汉语复杂词汇单位在语义组合性、内部结构的可分析性、结构可变性以及共现成分的可选性差异。文章认为,应根据复杂词汇单位自身特点采取适当的立目策略,即完全词汇化的复杂词汇单位应采取整体立目策略;隐喻词汇化的复杂词汇单位首先考虑分解立目策略,如共现成分具有唯一性,则考虑整体策略;弱词汇化或非词汇化复杂词汇单位立目应以分解策略为主。兼容性立目的数量应该控制。Multi-word expressions(hereafter abbreviated as MWE)are the lexical unit consisting of more than two words while functioning as a single word.We find that the strategies for deciding the entry status of MWEs'in Modern Chinese Dictionaries can be categorized into 3 groups without exception,viz.,the decomposition strategy,the overall strategy and the compatibility strategy.It is also found that the entry selection concerning some MWEs has not fully considered their specific linguistic features.In this article,we analyze the feathers of MWEs,including their semantic compositions,the analyzing degree of their syntactic structures,the variation of their structures,as well as their capacity of co-occurrence options from a lexicalization perspective.It is proposed that the entry selection of MWEs should be determined according to their degrees of lexicalization.

关 键 词：词典立目 《现代汉语词典》 词汇化 复杂词汇单位 

分 类 号：H164[语言文字—汉语]