5个新选水稻三系不育系主要农艺性状配合力分析  

Analysis of combining ability of main agronomic traits of five three-line sterile lines of rice bred newly

作　　者：潘清洁 赵福胜[1] 罗洪发[1] 张治海 杨旭东[1] 查仁明[1] PAN Qing-jie;ZHAO Fu-sheng;LUO Hong-fa;ZHANG Zhi-hai;YANG Xu-dong;ZHA Ren-ming(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第1期36-41,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成转字[2014]5082号);贵州省普通高等学校粮油作物遗传改良与生理生态特色重点实验室项目(黔教合KY字[2015]333)~~

摘　　要：【目的】明确新不育系配合力及遗传参数,为其优势组合选配提供依据。【方法】选用5个新选三系不育系和10个恢复系,按不完全双列杂交设计组配50个杂交组合,分析株高、有效穗数、穗长、每穗实粒数、每穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重和单株产量等8个农艺性状配合力,并估算其遗传参数。【结果】株高、有效穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率和单株产量等5个性状的一般配合力方差均达极显著差异水平(P<0.01,下同),说明这些性状的遗传主要受加性基因控制,穗长、每穗总粒数和千粒重等3个性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差均达显著(P<0.05)或极显著差异水平,说明这些性状的遗传受加性和非加性基因共同控制。118A的株高、有效穗数、结实率、千粒重和单株产量等5个性状的一般配合力效应值最高,134A的穗长和每穗实粒数的一般配合力效应值最高,141A的每穗总粒数的一般配合力效应值最高,不同不育系对其配制的F1代性状表型影响存在明显差异。单株产量特殊配合力效应值较高的组合是118A×SR498、141A×蜀恢527和134A×华占,均在0.0060以上。不育系在有效穗数、每穗实粒数、每穗总粒数和单株产量等4个性状的基因型方差明显高于恢复系,其对F1代的该性状表现起主要作用。【结论】118A、134A和914A是较理想的不育系材料,具有较好的应用前景;118A×SR498、141A×蜀恢527和134A×华占为苗头组合,可参加预试。【Objective】To study the combining ability and genetic parameters of new male sterile lines and provide basis for their superior combination selection.【Method】Five new three-line sterile lines and ten restore lines were selected,and incomplete diallel cross design was used to group with fifty hybrid combinations.The eight agronomic traits of plant height,effective panicle number,panicle length,filled grains per panicle,total grains per panicle,seed setting rate,1000-grain weight and yield per plant were analyzed in combining ability,and genetic parameters were estimated.【Result】The variance of general combining ability(GCA)of five characters,plant height,effective panicle number,filled grains per panicle,seed setting rate and yield per plant,reached the extremely significant difference level(P<0.01,the same below),which indicated that the heredity of these characters was mainly controlled by additive genes,and the variance of GCA and special combining ability(SCA)of panicle length,total grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight reached the significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant difference level,which indicated that the heredity of these characters was controlled by additive and non-additive genes.The GCA effect value of plant height,effective panicle number,seed setting rate,1000-grain weight and yield per plant of 118 A was the highest.the GCA effect value of panicle length and filled grains per panicle of 134 A was the highest.The GCA effect value of total grain number per panicle of 141 A was the highest.Different sterile lines had different effects on its F1 traits phenotype.The combination with higher SCA effect value of yield per plant was 118 A×SR498,141 A×Shuhui 527 and 134 A×Huazhan,which were all over 0.0060.The genotype variance of the sterile lines in four traits of effective panicle,filled grains per panicle,total grains per panicle and yield per plant was greater than that of the restorer line,which played a major role in the expression of F1 trait.【Conclusion】118 A,134 A and 9

关 键 词：水稻 不育系 农艺性状 配合力 遗传力 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]