宁波市居民新型冠状病毒肺炎知信行调查  

Knowledge,attitude and practice of coronavirus disease 2019 in Ningbo residents

作　　者：朱银潮[1] 冯宏伟 罗颖芝[2] 贺天锋[1] 楼望伟[3] ZHU Yinchao;FENG Hongwei;LUO Yingzhi;HE Tianfeng;LOU Wangwei(*Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315010,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315010 [2]宁波市北仑区疾病预防控制中心 [3]宁海县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学》2020年第3期230-234,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：2018年浙江省医药卫生科研面上项目(2018KY730)

摘　　要：目的了解宁波市居民新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)相关知识、信念和行为水平,为进一步开展健康教育和促进工作提供依据。方法采用滚雪球抽样法选择2019年12月1日—2020年2月26日居住在宁波市的18岁及以上居民为调查对象。自行设计《居民COVID-19疫情期间健康生活调查问卷》,采用“问卷星”制作电子问卷并通过“宁波疾控”微信公众号推送,调查居民的COVID-19相关知识、信念和行为情况以及获取信息的途径等。结果回收问卷967份,其中有效问卷917份,有效率为94.83%。调查的917名居民COVID-19相关知识知晓率为56.49%,其中COVID-19临床症状、主要传染源和主要传播途径的知晓率分别为96.51%、64.78%和88.00%。居民中感觉焦虑163人,占17.78%;感觉恐慌101人,占11.01%。“感染COVID-19后果严重”、“自己感染COVID-19可能性大”和“COVID-19疫情可防控”信念持有率分别为96.40%、11.67%和95.97%。尝试购买相关防护物品、每次外出佩戴口罩、每次外出回家后洗手和每次打喷嚏时用纸巾或手肘遮住口鼻等行为持有率分别为99.89%、99.45%、98.91%和95.53%。与COVID-19疫情发生前比较,使用手机等电子产品频率增加668人,占72.85%;体育锻炼频率减少481人,占52.45%。获取COVID-19相关信息的主要途径为手机、电脑端网页和电视,分别为899人占98.04%,712人占77.64%和603人占65.76%。结论宁波市居民主要通过手机、电脑端网页和电视等获取COVID-19相关信息,已具备一定知识,并能自觉采取预防保护行为;少数居民感觉焦虑、恐慌,建议进一步加强COVID-19健康教育并开展心理健康干预。Objective To understand the levels of knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Ningbo residents during the epidemic,so as to provide evidence for further health education and promotion.Methods Participants,aged 18 years or over and resided in Ningbo from December 1,2019 to February 26,2020,were recruited by snowball sampling method to respond a questionnaire through WeChat,including the status of KAP of COVID-19 and the approaches to acquire the information.Results Totally 967 questionnaires were collected and 917 of them were valid(94.83%).The awareness rate of COVID-19 was 56.49%,with 96.51%,64.78%and 88.00%for the clinical symptoms,source of infection and transmission route,respectively.Among the participants,163 felt anxious,accounting for 17.78%;101 felt panic,accounting for 11.01%.About 96.40%,11.67%and 95.97%of the participants considered COVID-19 severe,susceptible and controllable.About 99.89%of the participants tried to purchase the protective equipment,99.45%wore masks when they went out,98.91%washed hands after they were back,and 95.53%covered the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.Compared to the situation before,668(72.85%)participants used electronic products(such as cellphone and computer)more,while 481(52.45%)participants exercised less.About 899(98.04%),712(77.64%)and 603(65.76%)participants obtained the information through cellphone,internet and TV,respectively.Conclusions Ningbo residents have acquired some knowledgeof COVID-19 through cellphones,internet and television,and can consciously take protective practice.A few residents feel anxious and panic,so further health education and mental health intervention should be strengthened.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 知信行 健康教育 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]