日本国会议员秘书制度的特色和历史  

The Characteristics and History of the Secretary System of Japanese Congressmen

作　　者： 沈维藩(译) TOMABECHI Masato

机构地区：[1]法政大学大学院政策科学研究所 [2]日本政治法律学会 [3]上海译文出版社文学编辑室 [4]《外国文艺》杂志

出　　处：《秘书》2020年第1期16-26,共11页Secretary

摘　　要：日本贵族院、众议院两院制议会制度于1890年11月29日形成,但是在日本帝国议会时代尚没有国会议员秘书制度。1947年5月,作为战后大改革的一环,贵族院被废止,帝国议会变更为国会,在《日本国宪法》和《国会法》施行的同时,国会议员秘书制度也开始形成。制度形成之初,国会议员秘书不属于国家公务员,不享受交通补贴、奖金、退职金、公务灾害补偿、社会保险等所有制度性保障。经过多次的法律修正以及超党派秘书协议会的持续努力与争取,日本国会议员秘书最终获得了上述身份保障和待遇改善等权益。The bicameral parliamentary system of the House of Peers and the House of Representatives of Japan was formed on November 29,1890,but there was no parliamentary secretary system in the era of the Japanese imperial parliament. In May 1947,as part of the great post-war reform,the House of Peers was abolished and the imperial assembly was changed into a parliament. At the same time that the Japanese constitution and the act of parliament came into effect,the secretary system of the members of parliament also began to take shape. At the beginning of the system,the secretaries of members of parliament did not belong to national civil servants and did not enjoy any institutional guarantees such as transportation subsidies,bonuses,resignation payments,compensation for official disasters and social insurance. After many amendments to the law and the continuous efforts and struggle of the non-party secretary agreement,the secretary of the Japanese parliament finally obtained the above rights and interests such as identity protection and treatment improvement.

关 键 词：日本 国会议员秘书制度 政策担当秘书 《国会议员秘书薪金法》 秘书协议会 

分 类 号：C931.46[经济管理—管理学] D731.3[政治法律—政治学]