超声引导下单点和两点胸椎旁神经阻滞对胸腔镜手术患者血流动力学和应激反应的影响  

Affects for Hemodynamics and Stress Reaction by Ultrasound-guided Single or Double Level Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

作　　者：罗太君 李坤 高广阔[1] 刘涛[1] 陈坊王春 张宗德[1] 刘伟[1] Luo Taijun;Li Kun;Gao Guangkuo;Liu Tao;Chen Bin;Wang Chun;Zhang Zongde;Liu Wei(Department of Anesthesiology,Beijing Chest Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute,Beijing 101149,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市结核病胸部肿瘤研究所首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院麻醉科,101149

出　　处：《结核病与胸部肿瘤》2019年第4期274-278,共5页Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor

摘　　要：目的比较单点和两点椎旁神经阻滞对胸腔镜手术患者血流动力学和应激反应的影响。方法选择拟在本院行胸腔镜下肺癌切除患者60例,男26例,女34例,年龄55~75岁,BMI 18~25 kg/m^2,ASA Ⅰ—Ⅲ级。随机分为单点椎旁注射组(S组)、两点椎旁注射组(D组)和对照组(C组),每组20例。S组患者超声引导下在T4-5椎旁间隙注射0.75%罗哌卡因15 ml和2%利多卡因5 ml混合溶液,D组患者分别在T3-4和T5-6椎旁间隙注射0.75%罗哌卡因7.5 ml和2%利多卡因2.5 ml混合溶液,C组患者不予穿刺给药。记录三组患者术中麻醉诱导前(T0)、单肺通气1h(T1)、单肺通气结束时(T2)、术毕(T3)、术后1 h(T4)、4 h(T5)和24 h(T6)的HR和MAP;釆集三组患者T0、T1、T2和T3时梯动脉血,检测血液中血糖(Glu)、皮质醇(Cor)和8-异前列腺素F2a(8-iso-PGF2a,8-iso)浓度;随访记录术后1、4、24和48 h静息和咳嗽时VAS评分;记录穿刺部位血肿、气胸、感染等阻滞相关并发症发生情况;记录术后48h内恶心呕吐、头晕、低血压、皮肤瘙痒等镇痛不良反应发生情况。结果三组不同时点HR和MAP差异无统计学意义。与C组比较£和T3时D组Glu明显降低(P<0.05),T,时D组8-iso明显降低(P<0.05),术后1、4、24、48 h S组和D组静息和咳嗽时VAS评分明显降低(P<0.05),S组和D组不同时点静息和咳嗽时VAS评分差异无统计学意义。三组无一例发生穿刺部位血肿、气胸、感染等阻滞相关并发症。三组术后48 h内恶心呕吐、头晕、低血压发生率差异无统计学意义,无一例皮肤瘙痒发生。结论超声引导下两点胸椎旁神经阻滞较单点胸椎旁神经阻滞更能阻断胸腔镜手术中外周伤害性刺激向中枢的传导,减少应激类物质的产生,降低应激反应程度。Objective To compare the hemodynamics and stress reaction of ultrasound-guided single-or double-level TPVB in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.Methods Sixty patients with lung resection in our hospital for thoracoscopic surgery were selected,26 males and 34 females,aged 55-75 years,with BMI 18-25 kg/m^2,falling into ASA physical statusⅠ-Ⅲ.The patients were randomly assigned to single-level TPVB(group S),double-level TPVB(group D)and control group(group C),20 cases in each group.Patients in group S received single level ultrasound-guided TPVB at T4-5 levels,using mixed solution with 0.75%ropivacaine 15 ml and 2%lidocaine 5 ml.Patients in group D received double-level ultrasound-guided TPVB at and T3-4 and T5-6 levels,using mixed solution with 0.75%ropivacaine 7.5 ml+2%lidocaine 2.5 ml.Patients in group C do not receive TPVB.HR and MAP were recorded before anesthesia(T0),1 h after one lung ventilation(T1),at the end of one lung ventilation(T2),at the end of operation(T3),1 h(T4),4 h(T5)and 24 h after operation(T6).Arterial blood was collected at the time of To,Tb T2 and T3 in three groups,and blood glucose(Glu),cortisol and 8-isoprostaglandin F2a(8-iso-PGF2a,8-iso)were measured.Resting and cough VAS score were recorded at 1,4,24,and 48 h after surgery.The incidence of block related complications such as hematoma,pneumothorax and infection were recorded,and the incidence of nausea,vomiting,dizziness,hypotension,pruritus and other adverse analgesic reactions within 48 h after operation were also recorded.Results There was no significant difference in HR and MAP among three groups at different time points.Compared with group C,Glu was significantly lower in group D at T2 and T3(P<0.05),and 8-iso was significantly lower in group D at T3(P<0.05),the resting and cough VAS pain scores were significantly lower in group S and group D at 1,4,24,and 48 h after surgery(P v 0.05),but there was no statistically difference in resting or cough VAS score between group S and group D at different time poin

关 键 词：椎旁阻滞 血流动力学 应激反应 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]