金属非金属矿床完整性安全高效开采理论模型  

Theoretical Model for Integrity,Safety and Efficiency Mining of Metallic-and-Nonmetallic Deposits

作　　者：任凤玉[1] 丁航行[1] 张世玉[1] 陈宝智[1] Ren Fengyu;Ding Hangxing;Zhang Shiyu;Chen Baozhi(School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院

出　　处：《金属矿山》2020年第1期1-6,共6页Metal Mine

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目（编号：2016YFC0801601）

摘　　要：金属非金属矿床开采具有地质条件复杂、采矿方法影响因素多、灾害孕育时间长、危险源易被忽略等特点,为消除采动地质灾害和实现矿产资源的安全高效开采,需研究完整性安全高效开采模型。分析了近些年金属非金属矿床开采安全现状,归纳了相对本质安全技术,基于矿床采动三律与危害源控制利用方法的研究,提出了安全高效采矿方法的构建与优选方法。针对金属非金属矿床开采全过程,即地质勘探、采矿设计、基建、生产与闭坑5个阶段,分析了各阶段危险源识别与防控措施。在上述分析的基础上,立足于全矿床完整性开采、并使采矿工艺技术适应矿床三律与可控危险源转化,分析构建了完整性安全高效开采理论模型。该模型不仅有助于遏制矿山重大灾害的发生,而且有利于实现矿床开采效益的最大化。Mining of metallic-and-nonmetallic deposits has the characteristics of complex geological conditions,multi-factor influence,long time of disaster breeding and ignorance of hazards.In order to eliminate mining geological hazards andrealize the safe and efficient mining of mineral resources,it is necessary to study the complete safe and efficient mining mod-el.In this paper,the mining safety status of metallic-and-nonmetallic deposits in recent years is analyzed firstly,and the rela-tive intrinsic safety techniques are summarized.Then,based on mining tri-law and hazard source control utilization technolo-gy,the construction and optimization of integrated safe and efficient mining methods are proposed.According to the wholemining process of metallic-and-nonmetallic deposits,including geological exploration,mining design,infrastructure con-struction,production and pit closure,the paper analyzes the disaster-causing process in each stage and determines the pre-vention and control measures. Finally,on account of the adaption between mining technology and mining tri-law and hazardssource transformation,the theoretical model for integrity,safety and efficiency mining is constructed.The model not only helpfor restraining the occurrence of major mining disasters,but also maximizing the mining benefits of the deposits.

关 键 词：本质安全 采动三律 危险源控制 采矿方法 完整性开采 

分 类 号：TD85[矿业工程—金属矿开采]