种子休眠与萌发综述  

Advances in Studies of Seed Dormancy and Germination

作　　者：刘慧娜 张克亮 赵大球[1] 孙静[1] 孟家松[1] 陶俊[1] Liu Huina;Zhang Keliang;Zhao Daqiu;Sun Jing;Meng Jiasong;Tao Jun(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology,College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,225009)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2020年第2期621-627,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800340);江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室开放课题(2017023)共同资助

摘　　要：种子休眠是高等植物中显花植物(即裸子植物和被子植物)经过长期进化而获得的一种对环境条件及季节性变化的生物学适应。休眠的种子可以在不适宜幼苗生长的情况下阻止种子的萌发,减少子代在恶劣环境萌发的的风险,一定程度上保障了种群的延续。本综述重点介绍种子休眠的类型、外界环境因素与母体环境因素以及植物激素对种子休眠与萌发的影响,并介绍了休眠的进化,各种不同类型的休眠在系统发生树上的分布,以期在阐明种子休眠机制的基础上提出一些解决生产过程中种子休眠问题的方法与路径,并为破坏严重的野生植物资源的保护,引种栽培提供理论依据。Seed dormancy is a biological adaptation of environmental conditions and seasonal changes obtained by long-term evolution of flowering plants in higher plants, namely gymnosperms and angiosperms. Dormancy can prevent the germination of seeds in the case of unsuitable seedling growth, reduce the risk of offspring, and ensure the continuation of the population to some extent, We review a classification scheme of seed dormancy;the effects of external environment and maternal environment, plant hormones on seed dormancy and germination, and introduces the evolution of dormancy, the distribution of various types of dormancy in phylogenetic trees. The review attempts to provide some new information for elucidating the mechanism of seed dormancy and solving the problem of seed dormancy in production, and provides a theoretical basis for the introduction and cultivation of wild plant resources that are increasingly damaged.

关 键 词：种子 休眠 萌发 进化 激素 

分 类 号：S330.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种]