铜对中国荷斯坦奶牛泌乳、肝脏铜代谢蛋白及相关酶基因表达的影响  

Effects of copper on lactation,the expression of copper metabolic protein and enzyme-related genes in the liver of Chinese Holstein dairy cows

作　　者：付辑光 高艳霞[1] 李妍[2] 李秋凤[1] 曹玉凤[1] 张秀江 李建国[1] FU Ji-guang;GAO Yan-xia;LI Yan;LI Qiu-feng;CAO Yu-feng;ZHANG Xiu-jiang;LI Jian-guo(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agriculture University,Hebei 071000,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei 071000,China;Baoding Municipal Bureau of Agriculture,Hebei 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学动物医学院,河北保定071001 [3]保定市农业局,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2020年第1期162-171,178,共11页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CARS-36);河北省科技计划资助项目(16226604D,15227111D);河北省奶牛创新团队资助项目(HBCT2018120203)

摘　　要：选取60头产奶量、泌乳天数与胎次相近的荷斯坦奶牛,按随机分配原则分为4组,分别在基础饲粮上添加0,10,15与20 mg/kg铜,试验Ⅰ组(铜水平8.09 mg/kg)、试验Ⅱ组(铜水平18.09 mg/kg)、试验Ⅲ组(铜水平23.09 mg/kg)与试验Ⅳ组(铜水平28.09 mg/kg),每组15头,试验期共90 d。试验表明:与试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组泌乳量显著升高(P<0.05);乳体细胞数极显著降低(P<0.01);随着饲粮铜水平的增加,各试验组乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、非脂固形物与乳总固形物的含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着饲粮铜水平的增加,奶牛肝脏铜转运基因铜离子转出蛋白B(ATP7B)与铜蓝蛋白(CP) mRNA的相对表达量极显著提高(P<0.01);与试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ组铜代谢MURR1域蛋白质1(COMMD1)mRNA相对表达量提高了9%(P>0.05),Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组分别降低了54%与78%(P<0.01)。含铜酶相关基因相对表达量分析显示,随着饲粮铜水平的增加,超氧化物歧化酶1(SOD1)、赖氨酰氧化酶(LOX)、单胺氧化酶A(MAOA) mRNA相对表达量显著性提高;与试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ与Ⅳ组单胺氧化酶B(MAOB) mRNA的相对表达量分别降低了24%,34%与60%(P<0.01)。综上所述,饲粮中添加铜能够提高奶牛的生产性能,促进机体内铜的代谢与含铜蛋白的合成和提高机体的抗氧化能力。在本试验条件下,泌乳牛饲粮铜水平为18.09~23.09 mg/kg时,既能促进泌乳牛生产性能的提高,又能有效上调泌乳牛肝脏铜代谢蛋白及相关酶基因的表达。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of copper on milk performance,copper metabolism protein and enzyme-related genes expression in the liver of lactating Chinese Holstein dairy cows.Sixty lactating dairy cows similar to milk yield,lactation days and parity were selected,and divided into 4 groups according to the principle of random distribution:group Ⅰ(dietary copper 8.09 mg/kg),group Ⅱ(dietary copper 18.09 mg/kg),group Ⅲ(dietary copper 23.09 mg/kg) and group Ⅳ(dietary copper 28.09 mg/kg),15 dairy cows of each.The whole trial lasted 90 days.The result showed that:1) Compared with the experimental group I,the milk yield of group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher(P<0.05),the somatic cell count was significantly lower(P<0.01).With the increase of dietary copper levels,there was no significant difference in milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,lactose percentage,SNF and total milk solid (P>0.05).2)The relative expression of copper transporter genes ATP7 Band CP mRNA was significantly increased with the increase of dietary copper levels(P<0.01).Compared with groupⅠ,the relative expression of COMMD1 mRNA in groupⅡ was increased by 9%(P>0.05),groupⅢand groupⅣ were reduced by 54% and 78%(P<0.01),respectively.3)The analysis of relative expression levels of genes containing copper-related enzymes showed that the relative expression levels of SOD1,LOX and MAOA mRNA increased significantly with the increase of dietary copper levels.Compared with groupⅠ,the relative expression levels of MAOB mRNA in groupⅡ,ⅢandⅣ were reduced by 24%,34% and 60%(P<0.01),respectively.In conclusion,adding copper to the diet can increase the milk performance and the metabolism of copper in the body and the synthesis of copper-containing proteins and improve the bodys antioxidant capacity.Under the experimental conditions,when the feed copper of cows was 18.09-23.09 mg/kg,it could not only promote the performance of lactating cows,but also improve the expression of copper metabolism protei

关 键 词：泌乳中国荷斯坦奶牛 铜 肝脏 基因表达 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]