CRISPR技术在生物学与医学中的研究进展  

Research Progress on CRISPR Technology in Biology and Medical Science

作　　者：杨悦 高郡茹 杨柳[1,2] YANG Yue;GAO Jun-ru;YANG Liu(Research Center for Biomedical Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004;Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology,Guilin 541004;College of Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生物医学研究中心,桂林541004 [2]广西师范大学干细胞与医药生物技术重点实验室,桂林541004 [3]广西师范大学生命科学学院,桂林541004

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第3期38-44,共7页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560319);广西高校大学生创新训练项目(201810602063)

摘　　要：作为一项新兴技术,CRISPR近年来发展迅速,其在疾病检测、模式生物构建、基因治疗领域的研究硕果累累。由于CRISPR技术原理简单、操作简易,并可与多种技术结合等优点,使之在医药、农业、环境等领域的应用具有巨大潜力。此外,除了经典的CRISPR/Cas9系统,科学家还发现了多种其他类型的CRISPR/Cas系统。同时,基于Cas9蛋白开发的单碱基编辑器(BE)和可对RNA进行编辑的CRISPR/Cas13a系统也使CRISPR的应用范围得到了极大地扩展,将对CRISPR技术的最新进展及其在生物学、医学等领域的应用进行综述。As an emerging technology,CRISPR has been developing rapidly in recent years,and there are great research achievements in disease detection,as well as in the construction of model organisms and gene therapy field.As its simple principle,easy to operate and it can be combined with a variety of technologies,CRISPR technology has great potential in medicine,agriculture,environment and other fields.In addition to the classic CRISPR/cas9 system,scientists have discovered various other types CRISPR/Cas system.Meanwhile,the single base editor(BE)based on Cas9 protein and the CRISPR/Cas13a system that can edit RNA also greatly expand the application range of CRISPR.This article will review the latest development of CRISPR technology and its application in biology,medicine and other fields.

关 键 词：CRIPSR/Cas9 单碱基编辑 RNA编辑 基因治疗 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学] R319[医药卫生—基础医学]