1956-2017年河西内流区冰川资源时空变化特征  

Spatial-temporal variation of glacier resources in the Hexi interior from 1956 to 2017

作　　者：高永鹏[1] 姚晓军[1] 刘时银 祁苗苗[1] 段红玉 刘娟 张大弘 GAO Yongpeng;YAO Xiaojun;LIU Shiyin;QI Miaomiao;DUAN Hongyu;LIU Juan;ZHANG Dahong(College of Geography and Environment Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security\Yunnan University.Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2019年第6期1313-1325,共13页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（41561016;41861013;41801052）;科技部基础性工作专项（2013FY111400）;西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目（NWNU-LKQN-14-4）资助

摘　　要：基于修订后的河西内流区第一、第二次冰川编目数据及2016-2017年Landsat OLI遥感影像,对河西内流区1956-2017年冰川时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)河西内流区现有冰川1769条,面积976.59km^2,冰储量约49.82km^3。冰川面积以介于0.1~10km^2的冰川为主,数量以<0.5km^2的冰川为主。祁连山是该区域冰川集中分布区,其冰川数量、面积和冰储量分别占该区域冰川相应总量的98.47%、97.52%和97.53%。(2)疏勒河流域(5Y44)冰川数量、面积及冰储量最多(最大),冰川平均面积为0.81km^2,石羊河流域(5Y41)最少(最小)。从四级流域来看,宁掌等流域(5Y445)冰川最为发育,冰川数量、面积及储量均最大,宰尔莫合流域(5Y446)冰川平均面积最大(1.80km^2),夹道沟-潘家河流域(5Y422)最小,仅有0.05km^2。(3)近60年河西内流区冰川数量减少556条,面积减少417.85km^2,冰储量损失20.16km^3。面积介于0.1~0.5km^2之间的冰川数量与面积减少最多(457条和-117.49km^2),海拔4400~5400m区间是冰川面积集中退缩的区域(98.55%),北朝向冰川面积减少最多(-219.92km^2)且冰川退缩速率最快(-3.61km^2·a^-1)。(4)1956-2017年河西内流区各流域冰川面积均呈退缩态势,区内冰川变化呈自西向东逐渐加快的趋势,但有3条冰川在1986-2017年出现不同程度的前进,气温升高是该区域冰川退缩的主要原因。Based on the revised First and Second Chinese Glacier Inventories and Landsat OLI imagery in 2016-2017,we analyzed the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of glaciers in the Hexi interior from1956 to2017 and researched the cause and mechanisms of glacier changes using temperature and precipitation data.The results showed that:(1)In total,there were1769 glaciers covering an area of976.59 km^2 and having ice volume of49.82 km^3 in the Hexi interior in2016/2017.The glaciers in0.1~10 km^2 interval contained the largest area and that<0.5 km^2 interval had the maximum number.The glaciers in the study area were mainly distributed in the Qilian Mountains,where the glacier number,area and ice volume accounted for98.47%,97.52%and97.53%,respectively.(2)The Shule River contained the most of the glaciers number,area and ice volume,with average glacier area of0.81 km^2.However,in the Shiyang River it was the minimum.In the fourth class watersheds,the most developmental glacier in the Ningzhang basin included most of the glaciers number,area and ice volume,and the maximum average glacier area was in the Zalmoho basin.To the contrary,JiadaogouPanjia River had the minimum average glacier area(0.05 km^2).(3)In the past60 years,the area,number and volume of glaciers had decreased by417.85 km^2,556 and20.16 km^3,respectively.The majority of glacier area loss in the Hexi interior had been mainly concentrated in between4400~5400 m a.s.l.and the area and number of glaciers in the 0.1~0.5 km^2 interval constituted the main body of the loss(457 glaciers and-117.49 km^2).Within the study region,glaciers with the north orientation suffered the largest area loss,while those with the northwest orientation had the fast change in glacier area.(4)During the period from1956 to2017,the glacier area of different drainage basins had a tendency of retreat in the Hexi interior and the glacier change was gradually accelerated from west to east.However,there were three glaciers had clearly advanced during 1986-2017.The main reason for glacier re

关 键 词：冰川变化 冰川编目 气候变化 河西内流区 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]