解淀粉芽胞杆菌HRH317对串珠镰孢菌菌丝形态和超微结构的影响  

Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HRH317 on mycelial morphology and ultrastructure of Fusarium moniliforme

作　　者：赵欣[1,2] 郝林 ZHAO Xin;HAO Lin(College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi Province,China;Biology Institute of Shanxi Company Limited,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,太谷030801 [2]山西省生物研究院有限公司,太原030006

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2020年第1期110-118,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD38B07);山西省高等学校131领军人才工程

摘　　要：为明确新型生防菌解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HRH317菌株对病原菌串珠镰孢菌Fusarium moniliforme的抑制作用,采用牛津杯法对HRH317菌株抑菌活性进行测定,并采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和荧光显微镜对经HRH317菌株发酵上清液处理后的串珠镰孢菌菌丝形态及超微结构进行观察。结果显示,HRH317菌株发酵上清液对串珠镰孢菌有很好的抑菌活性,抑菌圈平均直径可达33.31 mm。扫描电镜结果显示,HRH317菌株发酵上清液处理24 h时,串珠镰孢菌菌丝体出现断裂现象;处理72 h时,串珠镰孢菌菌丝体断裂较严重,多处裂解;处理96 h时,串珠镰孢菌菌丝体彻底瓦解,且无完整菌丝体。透射电镜结果显示,HRH317菌株发酵上清液处理72 h时,串珠镰孢菌菌丝体细胞形态扭曲变形,细胞内结构紊乱,遭破坏。荧光显微镜结果显示,经PI染料染色处理12 h时,串珠镰孢菌细胞有少数细胞被染成红色,细胞膜通透性受一定程度破坏;处理16 h时,串珠镰孢菌细胞大面积被染红;处理20 h时,串珠镰孢菌细胞被染色面积增大;处理24 h时,串珠镰孢菌细胞膜受破坏程度增加,细胞内大面积被染色。表明解淀粉芽胞杆菌HRH317菌株对串珠镰孢菌菌丝形态和超微结构有破坏作用,能抑制病原菌串珠镰孢菌菌丝体生长。In order to determine the antifungal activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain HRH317 against the growth of Fusarium moniliforme,the inhibitory activity of strain HRH317 was detected by using the oxford plate assay system,and the mycelial morphological and ultrastructure changes of F.moniliforme exposed to the fermentation supernatant of strain HRH317 were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and fluorescence microscopy.The results showed that the strain HRH317 supernatant could inhibit the activity of F.moniliforme and resulted in obvious inhibition zones on PDA medium,with a diameter of 33.31 mm.The SEM images of F.moniliforme exposed to the strain HRH317 supernatant showed that the hyphae were collapsed and appeared transparent after treatment for 24 h;the strain HRH317 supernatant caused severe damage to F.moniliforme mycelia after treatment for 72 h,and the fungal mycelia were disintegrated completely,without whole mycelia after treatment for 96 h.The TEM images of F.moniliforme exposed to strain HRH317 further showed the strain HRH317 supernatant altered the morphological characteristics of F.moniliforme,and the shape of cells became more irregular after treatment for 72 h.Meanwhile,fluorescence microscopy revealed that some cells of F.moniliforme were stained red after treatment for 12 h by PI and cell membrane was damaged slightly.More cells were extensively stained red for 16 h and the staining area of the cells increased for 20 h.After treatment for 24 h,cell membranes of F.moniliforme were damaged seriously,which led to increased stained area of cells.In conclusion,these results suggest that B.amyloliquefaciens strain HRH317 could inhibit the growth of F.moniliforme and destruct the mycelial morphology and ultrastructure of fungi.

关 键 词：解淀粉芽胞杆菌 串珠镰孢菌 超微结构 玉米穗腐病 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S435.131[农业科学—植物保护]