γ节律振荡机制在视觉研究中的新进展  

The Progress in Visual Mechanism of Gamma Rhythm

作　　者：陈科[1,2] 赵翌蕾 刘婷 崔砚[1] 郭大庆 王玲[1] 刘铁军[1] 尧德中[1,2] CHEN Ke;ZHAO Yi-Lei;LIU Ting;CUI Yan;GUO Da-Qing;Wang Ling;LIU Tie-Jun;YAO De-Zhong(The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute,MOE Key Lab for NeuroInformation,Center for Information in Medicine,School of Life Science and Technology,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054,China;Sichuan Institute for Brain Science and Brain-inspired Intelligence,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学成都脑科学研究院临床医院,神经信息教育部重点实验室,生命科学与技术学院,成都610054 [2]四川省脑科学与类脑智能研究所,成都611731

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2020年第1期17-23,共7页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然基金（81571770,81771925,61773094,81861128001）资助项目~~

摘　　要：γ节律振荡是大脑皮质中常见的,频率在30~80 Hz之间的神经振荡模式,在初级视觉通道中能观察到多种起源的γ节律振荡.在小鼠、猫与猴V1的视觉诱发的γ节律振荡主要起源于L2/3和L4B,并对刺激参数敏感.猫与小鼠初级视觉通道(视网膜、LGN与V1)中观察到起源于视网膜由亮度诱发的高频γ节律振荡;在猴LGN却没有观察到γ节律振荡,而在V1上记录到亮度诱发的γ活动.γ节律振荡的产生与抑制性中间神经元网络有重要的关系,其中抑制性中间神经元中PV细胞被认为与自发γ节律振荡的产生相关. SOM细胞的参与对低频γ节律振荡(20~40 Hz)的产生起到关键作用;而光栅诱发的高频γ节律振荡(65~80 Hz)主要与PV细胞有关.动物在不同生理状态、发育阶段与脑疾病状态下光栅诱发的γ节律振荡存在较大差异,反映大脑对视觉信息加工的变化.Gamma rhythm ranges from 30 to 80 Hz, widely existing in neocortex. The key condition for the generation of gamma rhythm is the participation of inhibitory interneuron network. Spontaneous gamma rhythm is mainly related to parvalbumin inhibitory interneurons. In mouse, cat and monkey V1, the induced gamma rhythm is mainly derived from laminar 2/3 and 4 B, and are well tuned by grating parameters. In primary visual pathway of cat and mouse, the high frequency gamma rhythm induced by brightness is derived from retina.However, brightness evoked gamma oscillation in monkey was observed in V1, but was not recorded in LGN.Dendrite-targeting somatostatin interneurons are critical for a visually induced, context-dependent low gamma rhythm(20-40 Hz) in primary visual cortex. The visually induced high frequency gamma rhythm(65-80 Hz) was mainly associated with PV cells. Increases in background light intensity trigger proportional increases in narrowband gamma oscillations(55-65 Hz) of mouse early visual pathway, which originated from ipRGCs cells in the retina. The gamma rhythm is variable in different physiological state, development stage and brain disease,implying the change in the visual information processing.

关 键 词：γ节律振荡 视觉机制 兴奋性锥体细胞 抑制性中间神经元 

分 类 号：Q424[生物学—神经生物学]