我国林木扦插基质研究现状与展望  

Research on Forest Tree Cutting Medium in China: Current State and Prospect

作　　者：杜学梅[1] 杨廷桢[1] 高敬东[1] 王骞[1] 蔡华成[1] 李春燕[1] 王淑婷[1] 弓桂花[1] Du Xuemei;Yang Tingzhen;Gao Jingdong;Wang Qian;Cai Huacheng;Li Chunyan;Wang Shuting;Gong Guihua(Pomology Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Gemiplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所果树种质创制和利用山西省重点实验室

出　　处：《世界林业研究》2019年第6期73-78,共6页World Forestry Research

基　　金：国家苹果产业技术体系晋中综合试验站项目(CARS-27);“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划“早中熟优质多抗苹果、梨新品种、砧木选育研究”(20133BAD02B01);山西省农业科学院特色农业技术攻关项目“苹果砧木种质资源筛选与创制”(YGG17035);山西省农业科学院院重点项目“Y-1矮砧富士标准化栽培关键技术研究”(YGG1640);山西省科技厅产业链项目“苹果矮化砧木新品种选育”(2015-TN-03-02);山西省科技成果转化引导专项“苹果矮砧新品种Y-1标准化栽培技术示范”(201804D131055)

摘　　要：文中从常用基质类型、基质的理化性质、基质的配比以及基质对插穗生根和生长的影响等4个方面综述了我国林木扦插基质的研究现状。用作林木扦插的基质可分为有机和无机2大类型,常用的有蛭石、珍珠岩、泥炭、河沙、椰糠、黄心土等。目前对常用基质的理化性质的研究缺乏系统性,还不能满足标准化、规模化、工厂化生产基质的要求;对基质和其他影响插穗生根因素的交互作用以及基质影响插穗生根的机制研究不够深入,缺乏主要林木扦插基质的标准性状参数,还未能找到很好的泥炭替代品。今后应加强基质理化性质、基质同其他影响扦插生根因子交互效应、珍稀树种和品种适宜基质以及泥炭替代品等4个方面的研究,以期为最终形成一套基质标准化生产和选择配制的理论体系并应用于生产提供参考。The paper reviews the research in China on the forest tree cutting medium in terms of common medium type,physical and chemical properties,the ratio in medium and the effect of medium on rooting and growth of cuttings.The medium of forest cuttings could be divided into organic type and inorganic type,and the common medium include vermiculite,perlite,peat,riversand,coir dust,yellow soil and so on.Now,it is lack of systematic study on the physical and chemical properties of common medium and the requirements for the standardized,scaled and factory medium production cannot be met.In addition,there is short of the in-depth study on the interaction among medium and other influence factors of cutting rooting as well as on the mechanism how the medium affects cutting rooting,especially the standard character parameters of cutting medium of main tree species and the suitable substitutes to peat.It is proposed to strengthen the systematic research on physical and chemical properties of medium,the interaction among medium and other influence factors,the suitable medium for rare tree species and varieties,and the peat substitutes,with the aim to form the theoretical system of standardized production and choice ratio of medium and provide the references for the production practice.

关 键 词：林木扦插 扦插基质 理化性质 基质配比 生根 生长 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]