长江经济带水资源水环境指标评估及对策  

Evaluation of water resource and water environment in the Yangtze River economic belt and relevant policy strategy

作　　者：杨倩[1] 胡锋 赵自阳 陈云华 张晓岚[1] 王红瑞[3] YANG Qian;HU Feng;ZHAO Ziyang;CHEN Yunhua;ZHANG Xiaolan;WANG Hongrui(Foreign Economic Cooperation Office,Ministry of Environmental Protection,Beijing 100035;China Water Risk,999077,Hongkong;College of Water Sciences,Beijing NormalUniversity,100875,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境保护对外合作中心,北京100035 [2]中国水风险,香港999077 [3]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第6期731-740,共10页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目（2019YFC0408902）;全球环境基金（GEF）水资源与水环境综合管理主流化资助项目（TF0A2428）;国家水专项水污染防治技术成果转化平台与产业化推广机制研究课题资助项目（2015ZX07509001）

摘　　要：利用世界资源研究所的地图工具,研究了长江经济带面临的水资源压力,研究表明长江经济带10%的区域面临“高”或“极高”水资源压力,上海、江苏、安徽、浙江、湖北和四川是长江经济带水资源压力最大的6省(市).并分析了长江经济带水环境污染问题,在此前工作基础上,利用万元GDP用水量和万元GDP废水排放量评价长江经济带各省市水经济效率,得知长江经济带各省市水经济效率存在梯队差异.水经济效率低下是导致长江经济带出现水量、水质压力的原因.长江经济带各省市需提高各产业用水效率,削减用水量,以实现2030年用水红线指标控制要求.结合各省市水资源水环境综合管理现状,有针对性地提出了加强水资源与水环境综合管理的政策建议,包括建立长江经济带流域综合管理机构或协调机制,推行许可证制度、横向生态补偿等综合管理政策框架,继续加大对相关研究的支持等.Taking advantage of mapping tools developed by World Resources Institute(W RI),water stress in Yangtze River economic belt(YREB)was studied.Ten percent of YREB areas face ‘high'or ‘extremely high’water stress.Six(Shanghai,Jiangsu,Anhui,Zhejiang,Hubei and Sichuan)out of 11 provinces in YREB have areas with‘high’or‘extremely high’water stress.Current situation of pollution control in YREB was also analyzed.Water use per RMB10,000 GDP and wastewater discharge per RMB10»000 GDP were taken as indicative of 4 water-nomicsy efficiency in each YREB province,the‘water-nomics’efficiency in each YREB province was divided into different levels.Low 4 water-nomics,efficiency was found to be the origin of water stress in YREB.Economic efficiency of water use should be increased water use should be cut back»to fulfill water caps by 2030 set in the Three Red Lines policies Integrated water management in YREB is proposed.A YREB-wide coordination body is needed to ensure water security.Market mechanisms and a comprehensive policy framework are required to promote better water management,Related environmental research should be supported.

关 键 词：长江经济带 水资源压力 水经济效率 水环境质量 对策 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]