2013—2017年北京市地闪活动时空特征分析  

Lightning in Beijing from 2013-2017

作　　者：张文慧[1] 贾梁 贺晓冬[2] 岳栖鹤 杨赛霓[1] ZHANG Wenhui;JIA Liang;HE Xiaodong;YUE Qihe;YANG Saini(Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management,Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education,State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China;Institute of Urban Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,100089.Beijing,China;Aircraft Maintenance and Engineering Corporation,100621.Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科孚学部,减灾与应急管理研究院,环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,地及过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]中国气象局北京城市气象研究所,北京100089 [3]北京飞机维修工程有限公司,北京100621

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第6期764-771,共8页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41621061）;国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFA0602403）

摘　　要：利用ADTD-2C型VLF/LF三维闪电定位仪对北京市2013-2017年地闪的观测数据,统计分析了北京市地闪活动的时空分布及变化特征.结果表明:1)2015-2017年,北京市地闪频次及电荷结构发生较大变化,年地闪时间及频次显著增加,正地闪比例大幅提高,负地闪比例相应降低;2)2013-2017年北京市地闪活动年内分布不均,显著集中于6-9月份,白天比夜间活跃,午后至傍晚最频繁;3)一天内正、负地闪的小时强度变化相反,正地闪活动白天比夜间强度略高,而负地闪强度夜间显著高于白天,正地闪强度均值显著高于负地闪,危险性增加,地闪小时频次与小时强度均值呈显著负相关关系;4)一日间地闪密度高值区受人类活动等多因素影响分布不均,5年间北京市密云区和平谷区地闪密度降低,其余14个区县密度增加,南部增幅显著大于北部.研究成果以期充实对北京市对流天气事件气候规律的认识,为北京市雷电预报预警及防雷规划管理提供理论依据.The spatial-temporal distribution of cloud-to-ground(CG)lightning varies in different scales.Observation data of CG lightning in Beijing from 2013-2017 were used to analyze the temporal and wSpatial variations in CG lightning in Beijing.It was found that from 2015 Beijing had experienced great changes in the frequency and charge structure of CG lighting.The number and frequency of annual CG lightning both increased significantly:the proportion of positive CG(PCG)lightning increased significantly,the proportion of negative CG(NCG)decreased.From 2013-2017,CG lightning activities in Beijing were unevenly distributed within the year,with significant concentration from June to September.CG lightnings were more active during the day than at night,and were most frequent from afternoon to evening.Hourly intensities of PCG and of NCG lightning were found to vary within a day.Daytime intensity of PCG lightning was found to be slightly higher than at nighl,whilst evening intensity of NCG lightning was significantly higher than in the day.Mean value of PCG lightning was found to be significantly higher than NCG lightning.The present work further enriches current knowledge of convection weather and climate laws,and provides some theoretical basis for lightning forecast and early warning,and for lightning protection planning and management in Beijing.

关 键 词：云地闪 正地闪 负地闪 北京市 时空分布 

分 类 号：P427.32[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]