汉语偏正复句关联标记的功能连续统  

The Functional Continuum of Connective Markers of Chinese Subordinate Complex Sentence

作　　者：徐式婧[1] XU Shi-jing(Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学国际学生教育政策与评价研究院

出　　处：《汉语学习》2020年第1期22-37,共16页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“类型学视角下汉语条件句历时演变的动因与机制研究”(项目编号：18BYY171);北京语言大学院级科研项目(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金)“汉语复句中的互动关系研究”(项目编号：19YJ160003)资助

摘　　要：现代汉语偏正复句关联标记主要有两种功能:"粘合"功能和"语义标示"功能,两种功能这处在一个连续统当中。本文针对现代汉语的"粘合-语义标示"功能七大高频关联标记在复句中的句法位置、小句中的主语前后位置、参与者编码形式以及语义多功能性等四大参数上的句法、语义表现以及规律性分布特征进行考察。在此基础上提出现代汉语偏正复句关联标记能连续统。连续统的最左端是具有强大"粘合"功能的关联标记,连续统的最右端是具有强大"语义标示"功能的关联标记,居中的关联标记则两种功能兼而有之。两种功能之间既具有一定的"对立-互补关系",又具有相容性。该连续统的提出旨在,一方面通过关联标记在连续统中的具体位置,解释其在现代汉语中的句法和语义表现;另一方面在一定程度上预测关联标记未来可能的发展方向。The connective markers of Chinese subordinate complex sentences have two kinds of functions:cohesive function and semantic indicating function.We couldn’t completely separate this two functions,because they are in a functional continuum.This thesis mainly discusses the syntactic and semantic representations and distributions of seven high frequency connective markers in Modern Chinese,focuses on four parameters:syntactic position in complex sentences,position of lying before or after the subject in a clause,participant coding,and versatility of Semantics.On the basis of this,this thesis proposes that there is a"cohesive-semantic indicating"functional continuum in Chinese subordinate complex sentences.On the left end,the connective markers have strong cohesive function;on the right end,the connectives markers have strong semantic indicating function;in the middle,the connective markers have this two functions simultaneously.The two functions not only has a relation of opposite and complementary,but also compatibility.This"cohesive-semantic indicating"functional continuum can tell us the syntactic and semantic representations of connective markers by their positions on the continuum on the one hand;On the other hand,it help us to predict the evolution direction of connective markers.

关 键 词：偏正复句 关联标记 功能连续统 粘合 语义标示 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]