厦门市不透水面景观格局时空变化及驱动力分析  

Temporal and spatial variations of impervious surface landscape pattern and the driving factors in Xiamen City,China

作　　者：周正龙 沙晋明[1,2] 范跃新 帅晨[1,2] 高尚 ZHOU Zheng-long;SHA Jin-ming;FAN Yuc-xin;SHUAI Chen;GAO Shang(School of Geographical Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Cultivation Hose of State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [2]湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培训基地,福州350007

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2020年第1期230-238,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：福建省国际合作重点项目(20180076);欧盟遥感项目(20180176,20190104)资助~~

摘　　要：厦门是中国五大经济特区之一、海西经济区的核心城市,城市化水平很高。对不透水面的监测和驱动力分析不仅能增加对城市化进程的了解,而且对城市景观格局研究和城市生态环境建设具有重要意义。本研究利用1978-2018年间的Landsat遥感影像数据,采用全限制性最小二乘法、景观格局分析、坡度梯度分析及相关性分析法,研究厦门市不透水面景观时空变化特征及其与社会经济因素的关系。结果表明:1978-2018年,厦门市不透水面面积增加348.96 km^2,年均增加8.72 km^2;不透水面动态度在2005-2010年达到最大,为9.0%;厦门市86.6%以上的不透水面分布在坡度6°以内,2010-2018年有向更大坡度扩展趋势。随着坡度的升高,不透水面占比减小,斑块密度随之减小且形状趋于规整连续,不透水面景观破碎化程度不断增加。厦门市不透水面的增加与地区经济总量和人口显著相关。研究期间,厦门市不透水面空间格局变化显著,在未来城市规划过程中,应协调好不透水面的扩张范围和速度,避免过高比例的不透水面带来生态环境问题,以满足厦门市可持续发展的需要。Xiamen is one of China’s five major special economic zones and is the core city of Haixi Economic Zone,with a high level of urbanization.Monitoring and driving force analysis of impervious surfaces can increase our understanding of urbanization process and have important significance for urban landscape pattern research and urban ecological environment construction.We used the Landsat remote sensing image data from 1978 to 2018 to reveal the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the impervious surface landscape in Xiamen in the past 40 years,using the fullrestricted least squares method,landscape pattern analysis,slope gradient analysis and correlation analysis.We further analyzed its relationship with social and economic factors.The results showed that,during 1978-2018,the impervious surface of Xiamen increased by 348.96 km^2,with a mean annual increase of 8.72 km^2.The impervious surface dynamics reached a maximum of 9.0% in 2005-2010.More than 86.6% of the impervious surface of Xiamen was distributed within 6°of slope,with a tendency to expand to a greater slope in 2010-2018.With the increases of slope,the proportion of impervious surface decreased,the density of plaque decreased with the shape tending to be regular and continuous,the degree of fragmentation of the impervious surface increased.The increases of impervious surface in Xiamen was significantly related to the regional economic aggregate and population.In the study period,the spatial pattern of impervious surface in Xiamen significantly altered.In the future urban planning process,the extent and speed of impervious surface expansion should be coordinated to avoid ecological problems caused by excessive impervious surface to meet the need for sustainable development of Xiamen.

关 键 词：不透水面 景观格局 坡度梯度 驱动力 厦门市 

分 类 号：TU984.18[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]