近代中国民营企业的科学管理  

Scientific Management of Private Enterprises in Modern China

作　　者：姚清铁[1] 郑菲 李瑞尧 郭萍[2] YAO Qing-tie;ZHENG Fei;LI Rui-yao;GUO Ping(School of Economics,Nanjing University of Economics and Finance 210023;School of Economics and Management,South China Agricultural University 510642)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学经济学院,210023 [2]华南农业大学经济管理学院,510642

出　　处：《上海经济研究》2019年第12期109-122,共14页Shanghai Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“基于资源观的近代中国家族企业转型研究:1927-1936”(项目号:14BJL015);“女性参与、治理行为与家族企业成长研究”(项目号:17BGL081);南京财经大学党建思政课题“张謇职业教育思想对财经类学生职业素养培育的启示”(项目号:DJ201904)阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：从20世纪初科学管理思想开始传入中国,到1920-30年代民族企业家们开始广泛响应这一思想,中国实业界掀起了一场前所未有的科学管理革命,其内容之一便是革除传统的工头制,但在实际运作中,各家企业的变革效果却不尽相同。本文运用知识转移理论对这一变革的条件与动机、转移的机制和知识应用的方式所呈现出来的不同特点加以讨论,并以德大、厚生纱厂,民生公司;美亚织绸;申新三厂;商务印书馆和康元制罐厂等六家典型企业为讨论对象,认为不同的知识转移粘性导致近代中国企业在实践中产生了不同的管理变革路径,并以此将进行管理革命的近代企业分为成功转移、低转移粘性与高转移粘性三类。The Thought of scientific management began to be introduced into Chinafrom the beginning of the 20 th century.Until 1920-30′s, the national entrepreneurs began to respond to this thought extensively. An unprecedented scientific management revolution was launched in the Chinese industry. One of its contents was to get rid of the traditional foreman system, but in the actual operation, the effect of each enterprise’s change was not the same. Based on the theory of knowledge transfer, this paper discusses the conditions and motivations of this change, the mechanism of transfer and the different characteristics of knowledge application, and takes six typical enterprises, such as Deda, housheng, Minsheng, Meiya weaving, Shenxin, commercial press and Kangyuan can factory, as the objects to be discussed. Different knowledge Transfer Stickiness lead to modern China In practice, enterprises have different ways of management reform, and based on this, modern enterprises that have carried out management revolution are divided into three categories: successful transfer, low transfer stickiness and high transfer stickiness.

关 键 词：知识转移 转移粘性 工头制 科学管理 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]