一株嗜盐杆菌对中肋骨条藻的溶藻作用机理研究  

Study of algicidal mechanism on Skeletonema costatum by Halobacillus bacteria

作　　者：韩贝贝 张书飞 吴风霞[1] 史荣君[1] 黄洪辉[1] HAN Beibei;ZHANG Shufei;WU Fengxia;SHI Rongjun;HUANG Honghui(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China 2.College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第1期1-9,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1407501);广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030310608);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目(2016TS33,2017YB18)

摘　　要：藻华是一种全球性的生态灾害,利用海洋溶藻菌治理藻华是藻华治理领域的一个研究热点。文章旨在揭示一株嗜盐杆菌对中肋骨条藻的溶藻作用机理,对溶藻作用下中肋骨条藻细胞形态结构进行了观察,并测定了相关的生理参数,同时研究了溶藻作用对藻细胞光合作用的影响并比较了与氮代谢、抗氧化系统相关酶活性的变化。结果表明,溶藻作用使得中肋骨条藻细胞链状结构发生断裂,细胞多以单细胞形态存在且单细胞长度显著增加,最终细胞原生质体在细胞一端形成泡状后逐渐膨胀破裂。同时,溶藻作用下中肋骨条藻细胞内总蛋白质含量、叶绿素a含量、总氮含量、Fv/Fm、Y(Ⅱ)以及与氮代谢相关的硝酸还原酶、亚硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性均显著降低,而与抗氧化系统相关的丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶的活性显著上升。溶藻物质显著抑制了中肋骨条藻对氮的吸收利用,细胞的正常代谢活动受阻,最终影响到细胞的繁殖分裂。同时细胞内活性氧的增加可能改变了细胞膜的通透性,大量胞外物质透过细胞膜进入细胞内而使细胞膨胀破裂死亡。Algal bloom is a notorious ecological disaster around the world.Using marine algicidal bacteria to control algal bloom has become a hotspot in the algal bloom research field.Here,we studied the algicidal mechanism on Skeletonema costatum by a strain of Halobacillus.We observed the cell morphology,measured physiological parameters,and investigated the effect of bacterial supernatant on the photosynthesis,the activities of nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant enzymes.Results showed that the cell chains of S.costatum broke into individual cells and the cell length increased significantly when treated with bacterial supernatant.The cell protoplast formed a vesicle at the end of the cell and finally inflated to rupture.Moreover,the contents of protein,chlorophyll a and nitrogen,Fv/Fm,Y(Ⅱ),the activities of nitrate reductase,nitrite reductase and glutamine synthetase decreased significantly when treated with the bacterial supernatant.However,the contents of malondialdehyde,the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase increased significantly.These results indicated that the uptaking and utilization of nitrogen are inhibited in S.costatum by the algicidal substances,which affected the normal cellular metabolic activities and eventually inhibited the cellular division and proliferation.Besides,the increase of reactive oxygen species content may alter the cell membrane permeability and result in the cell inflation and rupture.

关 键 词：嗜盐杆菌 中肋骨条藻 溶藻作用机理 氮代谢 活性氧 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]