稀土元素Y对粉末冶金2A12铝合金组织和力学性能的影响  

Effects of rare earth element Y on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2A12 aluminum alloy prepared by powder metallurgy method

作　　者：杨玉玲[1] 刘超[1] 马运柱[1] 刘文胜[1] 刘阳[1] 伍镭 王涛[1] YANG Yu-ling;LIU Chao;MA Yun-zhu;LIU Wen-sheng;LIU Yang;WU Lei;WANG Tao(National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for National Defence on High-strength Structural Materials,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学轻质高强结构材料国防科技重点实验室

出　　处：《粉末冶金技术》2020年第1期3-9,共7页Powder Metallurgy Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划)资助项目(61xxxx02)

摘　　要：在铝合金粉末中添加质量分数为0、0.2%、0.4%及0.6%的稀土元素Y,利用粉末冶金法制备2A12铝合金。通过金相组织观察、X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微形貌表征、能谱分析及力学性能测试等手段,研究了稀土元素Y对粉末冶金2A12铝合金组织和性能的影响,总结了Y在铝合金中的分布特征。结果表明,当稀土元素Y的质量分数为0.2%时,2A12铝合金抗拉强度最高,塑性最好;添加Y可以抑制铝合金晶粒在烧结过程中的长大;稀土元素Y主要以YAl相、Cu2Y相和YAl2相的形式分布在基体晶界处,少量Y固溶在铝基体中。The 2A12 aluminum alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy technology with the addition of rare earth element Y in the mass fraction of 0, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% in this study. The effects of Y addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2A12 aluminum alloy were investigated by the metallographic analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrum analysis, and mechanical properties tests, and the distribution characteristics of Y in aluminum alloy were studied. The results show that, when the mass fraction of rare earth element Y is 0.2%, the 2A12 alloys achieve the highest tensile strength and the best plasticity. The Y addition can inhibit the grain growth of aluminum alloy during sintering. In addition, most of Y is distributed in the grain boundary of aluminium matrix as YAl, Cu2Y, and YAl2, and a small part of Y is dissolved into the aluminum matrix.

关 键 词：稀土 铝合金 微观组织 力学性能 粉末冶金 

分 类 号：TG142.71[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]