适用于服务器CPU散热的微通道两相流研究  

Study on the Micro-Channel Two-Phase Heat Exchanging System for Server CPU Cooling

作　　者：何智光 田浩[2] 李震[1] HE Zhi-Guang;TIAN Hao;LI Zhen(Key Laboratory of Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education,Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程力学系热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [2]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,长春130033

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2020年第1期161-168,共8页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：十三五重点研发计划资助项目(No.2016YFB0601600)

摘　　要：设计了一套以R134a为冷媒的微槽道两相流循环散热系统,用于冷却高发热密度的服务器CPU,实测综合传热系数1000~1200 W/(m^2·℃)。冷却水既可以由制冷机提供,也可以由蒸发冷却装置提供.搭建了实验测试平台,系统地测试和对比了该系统在不同CPU负荷和冷却水供水温度工况下的散热性能.测试结果表明,通过饱和温度为25~30℃的R134a两相流相变传热,可将散热热流密度为3 W/cm^2量级、总散热量在50~150 W量级的CPU本体温度稳定控制在50~60℃。根据实测数据,在不同气候条件下,该系统应用于大型数据中心全年理论能效比可以达到10以上,远高于常规机房空调。该系统具有换热能力强、体积小、能效高、冷源温度高、适用性广、节能潜力大等优点,具有可观的经济效益和社会效益。A micro-channel cooling circle is proposed for high heat flux server CPU,using R134 a as coolant with tested overall heat transfer coefficient of 1000~1200 W/(cm^2·℃).The cooling water can be provided by either evaporative cooling devices or chillers.A benchmarking platform is built for real time test and data collection of thermal performance,under various CPU workload and cooling water temperature.The test results show a stable CPU body temperature range of 50~60℃,with CPU heat flux of 3 W/cm^2 and CPU heat dissipation of 50~150 W,controlled by the phase-changing heat transfer of R134 a with saturated temperature of 25~30℃.Based on tested data,when applied in large data centers in different climate areas,the theoretical annual energy ratio of such two-phase micro-channel cooling solution can be over 10,much higher than that of CRAC units.With the advantage of good thermal performance,small volume,high temperature chilled water,flexible and wide applicability,large energy saving potentials,and so on,this two phase micro-channel cooling solution brings up considerable social and economic benefits.

关 键 词：CPU 两相流 微槽道 数据中心 节能 

分 类 号：TU831.6[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]