哺乳动物早期胚胎的DNA甲基化与组蛋白修饰  

DNA Methylation and Histone Modification in Mammalian Early Embryos

作　　者：栾维民[1] 杜红园 马盼盼 杨树宝[1] 苏立岩[1] 马馨[1] LUAN Weimin;DU Hongyuan;MA Panpan;YANG Shubao;SU Liyan;MA Xin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2019年第6期637-645,共9页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科学技术研究项目(JJKH20180692KJ);吉林省自然科学基金项目(20170101018JC);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31302047)。

摘　　要：受精是一个双亲基因组经历全面重塑的动态过程,受精后形成了具有全能性的卵裂球并伴随着基因表达的剧烈重编程,这对胚胎继续发育十分重要。一般认为,这种重编程由表观修饰所驱动。在合子形成后的短短几天内,表观遗传程序逐渐建立,哺乳动物DNA甲基化与组蛋白修饰作为重要的表观遗传修饰,在哺乳动物早期胚胎发育过程中对基因表达调控、胚胎命运决定等方面起着重要的作用。文章综述了哺乳动物早期胚胎的DNA甲基化与组蛋白修饰最新的研究进展,以期为哺乳动物早期胚胎的发育研究提供理论依据。Fertilization is a dynamic process in which parental genomes undergo complete remodeling. Gametogenesis culminates with formation of two highly differentiated cells-sperm and oocytewhereas fertilization results in formation of totipotent blastomeres and a dramatic reprograming of gene expression essential for continued development. It is generally accepted that this reprogramming entails poorly understood epigenetic changes. Within a few days after zygote formation,epigenetic procedures are established,and mammalian DNA methylation and histone modification,as important epigenetic modifications,play an important role in regulating gene expression and determining embryonic fate during early embryonic development in mammals. This paper reviews the latest research on DNA methylation and histone modification before implantation of mammalian embryos,and provides a theoretical basis for the development of mammalian embryos before implantation.

关 键 词：DNA甲基化 组蛋白修饰 合子 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：S814.8[农业科学—畜牧学]