Study on the Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Absorptionby Ecological Ditches  

生态沟渠吸收氮磷效果研究

作　　者：YANG Yong TIAN Chang XIE Gui-xian ZHANG Yu-ping SONG Hai-xing RONG Xiang-min 杨勇;田昌;谢桂先;张玉平;宋海星;荣湘民(湖南农业大学资源环境学院,南方粮油作物协同创新中心,土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室,湖南长沙410128)

机构地区：[1]College of Resources and Environmental,Hunan Agricultural University,Collaborative Innovation Center of Paddy Grop and Oil Crops in Southern,National Engineering Laboratory of Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition in Common University,Changsha 410128,PRC

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2019年第5期32-39,共8页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划(2016JC2030);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0800500)。

摘　　要：By using the simulated ditch experiment,the differences of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacities of 9 aquatic plants were studied,and the better varieties of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity were selected to construct the ecological ditch and oxidation pond to study the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption effect.The results showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus residues in the simulated ditch water were signi ficantly reduced after planting aquatic plants.The biomass of Canna glauca,Myriophyllum elatinoides,Sorbaria sorbifolia,Pontederia cordata and Zizania was high,and the uptakes of nitrogen and phosphorus were high.Among them,the effect of planting Canna glauca and Myriophyllum elatinoides was the best.The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage decreased signi ficantly after being absorbed by aquatic plants in ecological ditches;the concentration of total nitrogen,soluble nitrogen and total phosphorus in main ditches decreased by 39.6%,40.1% and 36.9% respectively on average;the concentration of total nitrogen,soluble nitrogen and total phosphorus in branch ditches decreased by 6.6%,10.3% and 13.6% on average.The concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the oxidation pond could be further reduced by 17.7%and 13.3%.Ecological ditches can effectively intercept nitrogen and phosphorus in water,and have good ecological benefits of purifying water to obtain improved water quality.采用模拟沟渠试验,研究了9种水生植物吸收氮磷能力的差异,并选择氮磷吸收能力较好品种构建生态沟渠和氧化塘,研究其氮磷吸收效果。结果表明,种植水生植物后模拟沟渠水中氮磷残留量显著减少,美人蕉、狐尾藻、珍珠梅、海寿花和茭白的生物量高,氮磷的吸收量大,其中种植美人蕉和狐尾藻效果最佳。农田排水中氮磷通过生态沟渠水生植物吸收后浓度显著降低;主沟总氮、可溶性氮和总磷浓度平均降低39.6%、40.1%和36.9%;支沟总氮、可溶性氮和总磷浓度可再平均降低6.6%、10.3%和13.6%;氧化塘总氮和总磷浓度可再降低17.7%和13.3%。生态沟渠可有效拦截水体氮磷,具有净化水质的良好生态效益。

关 键 词：Aquatic plants Ecological interception Ecological ditches 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]