对基于土地应对气候变化的新认知  

New understanding on the land-based response options to climate change

作　　者：吴建国[1] 翟盘茂[2] 武亚堂 WU Jian-Guo;ZHAI Pan-Mao;WU Ya-Tang(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081 [3]甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2020年第1期50-69,共20页Climate Change Research

基　　金：大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目“农业排放状况及强化治理——土壤风蚀扬尘排放规律”(DQGG0208-02)

摘　　要：2019年8月7日IPCC《气候变化与土地特别报告》决策者摘要获得通过,报告涉及对基于土地应对气候变化不同措施的评估,取得一些新的认知,包括定量评估基于土地的40种综合措施对提高气候变化减缓和适应能力、防治荒漠化和土地退化、增强粮食安全、保护生物多样性和水资源及促进可持续发展的效益,提出在防治荒漠化和土地退化及保障粮食安全过程中提高气候变化适应和减缓能力的措施,评估了实施不同措施的风险、限制、障碍和保障政策等。在措施的分类、气候变化适应的主体对象,以及风险和政策分析等方面还存在一些不足。评估报告结论将对我国建立基于土地的应对气候变化的对策,促进把应对气候变化与防治荒漠化和土地退化、保护生态环境与增强粮食安全工作结合,制定相关政策等方面都具有重要的启示意义。for policymakers(SPM) for the IPCC special report on climate change and land(SRCCL) was approved on August 7, 2019. The report involved an assessment of different options for land-based climate change response and gained some new insights. These include quantitative assessment of the benefits of 40 comprehensive land-based measures for climate change mitigation and adaptation, combating desertification and land degradation, enhancing food security, conserving biodiversity and water resources, and sustainable development, linking addressing desertification, land degradation, and food security with climate change adaptation and mitigation measures, as well as assessment of risks, limitation, barriers and safeguard policies for implementing different measures. There are still some shortcomings in the classification of measures, the subject of climate change adaptation, the risk and policy analysis. These conclusions of this report will have important implications for China’s establishment of land-based responses to climate change, and the promotion of combating climate change and combating desertification and land degradation, protecting the ecological environment and enhancing food security, and formulating relevant policies.

关 键 词：气候变化 土地退化 荒漠化 粮食安全 减缓 适应 生物多样性 可持续发展 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]