基于连续超声波测量气泡参数的实验研究  

Experimental study on bubble measurement basedon continuous ultrasonic waves

作　　者：时文龙[1] 苏明旭[1] 李潭[1] 陈晶丽 蔡小舒[1] SHI Wenlong;SU Mingxu;LI Tan;CHEN Jingli;CAI Xiaoshu(Institute of Particle and Two-Phase Flow Measurement/Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学颗粒与两相流测量研究所/上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室,上海200093

出　　处：《能源研究与信息》2019年第4期227-233,共7页Energy Research and Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51176128,51206113)。

摘　　要：研究了一种基于声阻原理的测量液体中毫米级气泡粒度、速度并能同时计数的方法。超声波在含气泡液体中传播时,由于气泡和液体间声阻抗差极大,致使其在气泡表面发生强烈反射/散射,阻碍了声波通过。利用频率为200 kHz的超声连续波,采用一发一收式测量,对某润滑油中的气泡进行测量,实验中气泡大小为2~6 mm,速度在0.10~0.30 m·s^−1之间,气泡通过测量区的频率为5~10 Hz。通过分析实验数据的波形幅值与气泡粒度、波形转变时间与气泡速度、通过数之间的对应关系,并利用图像法进行了标定和校验。实验结果表明,利用连续超声波可以测得油中连续通过的气泡,其原理和测量装置简单,测量结果稳定。A method based on acoustic resistance has been proposed to simultaneously measure the size,number and speed of the millimeter-sized bubbles in the liquid.When the ultrasonic waves propagated in the liquid which contained the bubbles,great difference of acoustic impedance between the bubbles and liquid made strong reflection/scattering occur on the bubble surface.Some of ultrasound couldn't pass and thus attenuated ultrasonic signal would be received.A transmitted ultrasonic wave with frequency of 200 kHz was chosen to measure the bubbles in the lubricating oil.In these experiments,the bubbles,whose size and speed were lied in the range from 2 to 6 mm and from 0.10 to 0.30 m·s^−1 respectively,passed the measurement zone with frequency from 5 to 10 Hz.The relationship between waveform amplitude and bubble size,as well as the relationship between waveform transition time and bubble velocity and passing number were analyzed.The imaging method has been adopted for calibration and validation.The experimental results showed that continuous ultrasonic waves with low frequency could be used to measure the size and speed of moving bubbles in the oil with the advantages of simple principle and measuring device as well as stable experimental results.

关 键 词：超声 声阻 连续波 气泡 计数 

分 类 号：TK31[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]