2018年昌平区感染性腹泻监测结果分析  

Analysis of surveillance results of infectious diarrhea in Changping District of Beijing, 2018

作　　者：银安琪 李东迅[2] 彭华[2] 王维钧[2] 赵菊花 景怀琦[1] YIN An-qi;LI Dong-xun;PENG Hua;WANG Wei-jun;ZHAO Ju-hua;JING Huai-qi(National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,北京昌平102206 [2]北京市昌平区疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科 [3]肃北县人民医院

出　　处：《中国校医》2019年第12期905-909,共5页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的了解昌平区感染性腹泻病原分布特征以及病原菌耐药谱,为昌平区感染性腹泻病防控提供理论依据。方法收集2018年5月-2019年4月昌平区唯一一家哨点医院肠道门诊腹泻病人粪便标本,进行分离培养、血清学鉴定及药敏实验检测。结果 380份腹泻标本中共分离病原菌68株,其中以沙门菌(23株)、副溶血性弧菌(22株)、致泻性大肠杆菌(21株)为主。副溶血性弧菌对头孢唑林的耐药率最高为81.8%,对其余抗菌药物敏感性较好;沙门菌对萘啶酸和磺胺异噁唑耐药率最高分别为73.9%和65.2%,且多重耐药现象严重;致泻性大肠杆菌总耐药率(76.2%)低于沙门菌(91.3%),且对氨苄西林的耐药率最高为47.6%。结论 2018年昌平区腹泻病原谱多样细菌性腹泻高发于夏季,病毒性腹泻发病率无明显季节差异;沙门菌耐药率高且多重耐药情况严重。ObjectiveTo understand the pathogen distribution characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Changping District, and the drug resistant spectrum of pathogens, so as to provide the evidence for improving the prevention and control ofinfectiousdiarrheainthisregion.Methods The stool samples of diarrhea patients were collected from the sentinel hospital in Changping District from May, 2018 to Apr, 2019, and the pathogens were cultured, biochemically identified, serotyped,and tested for the drug susceptibility.ResultsA total of 68 strains of enteric pathogens were isolated from 380 specimens,the major pathogenic germs were Salmonella(23 cases), Vibrio parahacmolyticus(22 cases), Escherichia coli(21 cases),and in addition, the viral nucleic acid was detected from 120 specimens in 31 cases. The nucleic acid detection rate of Norovirus was the highest. V. parahaemolyticus had the highest resistance to antibiotics, cefazolin(81.8%), and had a high sensitivity to other antibiotics. Salmonella had the highest resistance rates to nalidixic acid(73.9%) and sulfisoxazole(65.2%) respectively, and its multi-drug resistance was serious. The total resistance rate of E. coli(76.2%) was lower than that of Salmonella(91.3%), and the drug resistance rate to ampicillin was the highest(47.6%).ConclusionIn 2018, the main pathogenic spectrum causing diarrhea are Salmonella, Norovirus, E. coli, V. parahacmolyticus in Changping District.The incidence of bacterial diarrhea is high in summer, and the incidence of viral diarrhea is similar among the different seasons. The drug resistance of Salmonella is high and the multi-drug resistance is serious. It is necessary to strengthen the pathogen spectrum and drug resistance tests.

关 键 词：感染性腹泻 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]