变应性鼻炎病儿900例吸入性变应原临床分布特征  

Clinical characteristics of inhaled allergens in 900 children with allergic rhinitis

作　　者：杨祁[1] 吴昆旻[1] 李泽卿[1] 朱春晖[1] 黄洁[1] 安静娟[1] 沈洁[1] 吴拥军[2] YANG Qi;WU Kunmin;LI Zeqing;ZHU Chunhui;HUANG Jie;AN Jingjuan;SHEN Jie;WU Yongjun(Department of Otolaryngology,Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Second Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210017,China;The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学第二附属医院、江苏省第二中医院耳鼻咽喉科,江苏南京210017 [2]南京中医药大学第一临床医学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《安徽医药》2020年第3期504-507,共4页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：江苏省卫计委2017年指导性课题项目(Z2017002);江苏省中医药管理局2018科技项目(YB201824);江苏省第二中医院2018院内课题项目(SEZJJZ2018005)

摘　　要：目的分析南京市变应性鼻炎(AR)病儿患病情况及临床特征。方法收集2015年9月至2017年9月江苏省第二中医院耳鼻咽喉科门诊确诊为AR的900例病儿临床资料,进行流行病学调查。结果南京地区AR病儿吸入性变应原主要为混合真菌(51.32%)和户尘螨(34.91%)、其次为动物毛皮屑(狗、猫)次之,分别为(22.83%)和(13.77%)。单一变应原阳性率高达59.62%。男性AR病儿吸入性变应原阳性率显著大于女性AR病儿(χ^2=8.137,P=0.004);夏秋两季AR病儿吸入性变应原阳性率为高发季节(χ^2=23.497,P=0.001)。病例构成上主要为婴幼儿期病儿吸入性变应原阳性率最低(χ^2=24.904,P=0.001)。单一变应原种类在性别、季节和年龄构成上有不同阳性发生率。结论南京地区AR病儿比较常见的吸入性变应原为混合真菌,户尘螨,动物毛皮屑(狗、猫)。性别、年龄、季节差异的AR病儿其吸入性变应原亦有差异。Objective To analyze the prevalence and clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis(AR)in Nanjing,and to put forward effective clinical preventive measures.Methods The clinical data of 900 children with AR diagnosed in the outpatient department of Otorhinolaryngology of Jiangsu Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2015 to September 2017 were collected for epidemiological investigation.Results The inhalation allergens of AR children in Nanjing were mainly mixed fungi(51.32%)and household dust mites(34.91%),followed by animal dander(dog and cat),respectively(22.83%)and(13.77%).The positive rate of single allergen was as high as 59.62%.The positive rate of inhalation allergen in male AR children was significantly higher than that in female AR children(χ^2=8.137,P=0.004).The positive rate of inhalation allergen in summer and autumn AR children was higher than that in female AR children(χ^2=23.497,P=0.001).The positive rate of inhalation allergen was the lowest in infants(χ^2=24.904,P=0.001).There were different positive rates of single allergen in sex,season and age composition.Conclusion Mixed fungi,household dust mites and animal dander(dogs and cats)are common inhalation allergens in children with AR in Nanjing.There were also differences in inhalation allergens among children with AR in gender,age and season.

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应原 真菌 抗原 尘螨属 儿童 变应性鼻炎 特征 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]