基于个体模糊作用域的行人流建模与仿真  

Modeling and Simulation of Pedestrian Flow in Individual Fuzzy Action Field

作　　者：李世威 王建强[1] 刘应东[1] LI Shi-wei;WANG Jian-qiang;LIU Ying-dong(School of Traffic and Transportation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学交通运输学院

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2020年第1期34-42,共9页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71761025);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(12YJC630100)

摘　　要：基于单出口场景,行人流建模与仿真的目的,充分考虑行人的异质性,引入个体模糊作用域描述行人在作用域选择上的差异,通过定义行人模糊作用域中个人空间与信息处理空间的作用力参数、个体邻域相对移动距离参数,构建了行人在方向模糊作用域下的改进场域模型,并对不同运动策略的行人流进行仿真研究,分析了系统规模、安全出口宽度、行人密度、策略选择对行人疏散时间的影响.结果表明:1)改进模型的仿真过程不依赖于各个参数的影响系数;2)改进模型有效描述了行人在个体作用域选择上的差异性;3)行人疏散时间与行人密度呈线性增加关系,与安全出口宽度呈负指数减少关系;4)当安全出口较窄时,让步策略有利于行人流疏散,当安全出口较宽时,竞争策略有利于行人流疏散.该研究可以为单一出口或单一瓶颈处行人设施的疏散策略制定提供参考.Based on the purpose of pedestrian flow modeling and simulation in a single exit scenario,individual fuzzy action field is defined to describe the difference of pedestrians′choice of directional action field(DAF)in the process of movement.An improved floor field model in DAF is constructed by using the action force parameters of personal space and information processing space within every DAF,and the relative moving distance parameters from the optional position.And then the pedestrian flow with different selection strategies is simulated in single exit scenario,and the effects of system scale,exit width,pedestrian density and selection strategies on pedestrian evacuation time are analyzed.The results show that 1)the improved model does not depend on the influence coefficients of each parameter;2)the improved model effectively describes the difference of pedestrians'choice in DAF;3)the pedestrian evacuation time linear increases with pedestrian density,and negative exponential decreases with exit width;4)the cooperation strategy is beneficial to pedestrian evacuation when the exit width is narrower,and the competition strategy is better when the exit width is wider.This study can provide a theoretical guidance for evacuation strategy formulation of pedestrian facilities with a single exit or a single bottleneck.

关 键 词：行人流 模糊作用域 疏散时间 让步策略 竞争策略 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]