脲酶/硝化抑制剂对沿淮平原糯稻养分吸收利用的影响  

Effects of urease/nitrification inhibitor on nutrient uptake of glutinous rice in plain along the Huaihe River

作　　者：王静 王允青[1,2] 万水霞 吴萍萍[2] 叶寅 郭熙盛[2] 吕国安[3] WANG Jing;WANG Yun-qing;WAN Shui-xia;WU Ping-ping;YE Yin;GUO Xi-sheng;LYU Guo-an(Provincial Key Lab of Nutrient Cycling,Resources and Environment,Hefei 230036,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Anhu Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,安徽合肥230031 [3]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2020年第1期77-82,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省科技重大专项(17030701052);农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目(FECPP201701);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07204-007);国家青年科学基金项目(41401308)

摘　　要：添加氮素抑制剂是减少氮素损失,提高水稻氮肥利用率的有效途径之一。本研究采用大田试验,研究脲酶抑制剂(N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺,NBPT)、硝化抑制剂(3、4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐,DMPP)及其组合对沿淮平原糯稻生物量及氮、磷、钾吸收利用的影响。以常糯1号为材料,于2018年6-10月在安徽怀远县(沿淮平原典型水稻种植区)进行试验。试验设5个处理:①不施氮肥对照(CK);②施尿素(U);③施尿素+脲酶抑制剂(U+NBPT);④施尿素+硝化抑制剂(U+DMPP);⑤施尿素+脲酶抑制剂+硝化抑制剂(U+DMPP+NBPT)。研究结果表明,尿素配施NBPT或者NBPT+DMPP均显著提高了水稻生物量(P<0.05),U+NBPT和U+DMPP+NBPT处理较U处理的生物量分别增加7.02%和7.99%,而尿素单独配施DMPP虽然增加了水稻生物量(增加幅度3.1%),但差异未达显著水平(P>0.05)。尿素配施NBPT/DMPP显著增加了水稻氮、磷吸收量(P<0.05),而钾素吸收量有降低的趋势,但差异未达显著水平(P>0.05)。U+NBPT、U+DMPP和U+DMPP+NBPT处理植物地上部分氮累积量较U处理分别增加9.6%、6.5%和12.2%,吸磷量分别增加了9.2%、10.4%和14.4%,吸钾量则分别降低了2.6%、3.7%和4.4%。综上,在沿淮平原糯稻种植体系中,尿素配施NBPT/DMPP可以有效地增加水稻生物量,提高氮素、磷素利用效率,NBPT和DMPP表现出协同增效作用。Application of nitrogen inhibitor is an effective way of reducing nitrogen loss and improving fertilizer use efficiency of rice.In this study,field experiments were conducted to study the effects of urease inhibitor(N-n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide,NBPT)and nitrification inhibitor(3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate DMPP)on biomass and nutrient,phosphorus and potassium uptake of glutinous rice in plain along the Huaihe River.Using Changnuo 1 as test material,the experiment was conducted in Huaiyuan County,Anhui province from June 2018 to October 2018.There were five treatments,including no nitrogen fertilizer(CK),urea only(U),urea plus NBPT(U+NBPT),urea plus DMPP(U+DMPP)and urea plus NBPT and DMPP(U+DMPP+NBPT).The results showed that the rice biomass increased significantly in the treatments of U+NBPT and U+DMPP+NBPT.Compared with U treatment,the rice biomass of U+NBPT and U+DMPP+NBPT treatment increased by 7.02%and 7.99%,respectively.The biomass of rice increased by 3.1%in the treatment of U+DMPP,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).Furthermore,urea combined with NBPT or DMPP significantly increased the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of rice(P<0.05),while reduced the potassium absorption to some extent(P>0.05).Compared with U treatment,the nitrogen accumulation of U+NBPT,U+DMPP and U+NBPT+DMPP treatments increased by 9.6%,6.5%and 12.2%,the phosphorus accumulation increased by 9.2%,10.4%and 14.4%,while the potassium accumulation decreased by 2.6%,3.7%and 4.4%,respectively.In summary,adding urease inhibitor NBPT or nitrification inhibitor DMPP into urea could effectively improve biomass and nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of glutinous rice in plain along the Huaihe River,and the effect of urea added with NPBT and DMPP was best.

关 键 词：脲酶抑制剂 硝化抑制剂 糯稻 生物量 养分吸收 沿淮平原 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]