烟草温光特性研究与利用：Ⅰ.气象因素对山东烟区主栽品种生育期的影响  

Investigation and Utilization of Temperature and Light Characteristics of Tobacco: Ⅰ. Effects of Meteorological Factors on Growth Period of Main Varieties in Shandong Tobacco-growing Areas

作　　者：孙延国[1] 马兴华[1] 黄择祥 管恩森[3] 高强 梁晓芳[1] 吴元华[1] 石屹[1] SUN Yanguo;MA Xinghua;HUANG Zexiang;GUAN Enseng;GAO Qiang;LIANG Xiaofang;WU Yuanhua;SHI Yi(Institute of Tobacco Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266101,China;Shandong Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation,Jinan 250101,China;Shandong Weifang Tobacco Limited Company,Weifang,Shandong 261061,China;Shandong Linyi Tobacco Limited Company,Linyi,Shandong 276001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,农业农村部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,青岛266101 [2]中国烟草总公司山东省公司,济南250101 [3]山东潍坊烟草有限公司,山东潍坊261061 [4]山东临沂烟草有限公司,山东临沂276001

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2020年第1期30-37,共8页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司山东省公司重点项目“山东‘中棵烟’特征及形成机制研究”（201803）;中国农业科学院基本科研业务费项目“温度对烟草叶片细胞壁建成的影响机理”（1610232017008）;中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-TRIC03）

摘　　要：为明确影响山东烤烟生长发育进程的限制气象因子,合理配置大田生育期,以烤烟主栽品种NC55、NC102、K326、ZY100为材料,连续多年设置不同移栽期田间对比试验,研究生育期变化情况,解析气象因素与烤烟生育期的关系。结果表明,烤烟生育期随移栽期推迟而显著缩短,主要体现在现蕾前的营养生长阶段(伸根期)和营养生长与生殖生长并进阶段(旺长期);温度条件是影响山东烤烟生育期的关键气象因子,生长前期温度随移栽期推迟而显著升高,使生育进程加快而导致生育期显著缩短,而有效积温保持基本恒定,符合积温恒定理论;累积日照时数的减少主要是随生育时间缩短而变化的。In order to clearly define the limiting meteorological factors which affect the growth and development process of flue-cured tobacco in Shandong,and to properly arrange field growth duration,field experiments using four main varieties of NC55,NC102,K326,ZY100 with different transplanting date treatments were carried out for multiple years to analyze changes in growth period,and define the relationship between meteorological factors and growth process of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that the growth duration of tobacco was significantly shortened with the delay of transplanting date,mainly at the vegetative growth stage(root extension period)and the vegetative and reproductive growth stage(exuberant growth period)before budding.Temperature condition was the key meteorological factor that affects the growth duration of tobacco in Shandong.The temperature at early growth stage increased significantly with the delay of transplanting date,speeding up the development process and causing a significant shortening of the growth period.However,the effective accumulated temperature remained basically constant,in line with the constant accumulated temperature theory.The accumulated photo hours decrease due to the shortened growth time.

关 键 词：烤烟 品种 移栽期 生育期 有效积温 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]