活性炭减缓膜生物反应器膜污染的研究  

Study on mitigation of membrane fouling by activated carbon in membrane bioreactors

作　　者：余良正 杨彬[1] 雷乐成[1] YU Liang-zheng;YANG Bin;LEI Le-cheng(College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2020年第1期261-268,共8页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07101003);国家自然科学基金(U1462201,21676246);浙江省自然科学基金(Y17B060023)

摘　　要：针对膜生物反应器(MBR)中膜污染现象,提出投加活性炭方法抑制膜污染。对比了粉末活性炭(PAC)和颗粒活性炭(GAC)对MBR出水水质及膜污染速率的影响,分析了活性污泥性质,如溶解性微生物产物(SMP)、胞外聚合物(EPS)、絮体粒径分布、毛细吸水时间(CST),及膜面污泥层,得到了膜污染减缓机理。结果表明,MBR对总有机碳(TOC)和氨氮的去除率分别大于97%和98%,PAC组TOC去除率略高于GAC组和对照组。PAC的加入明显减少了与膜污染相关的SMP和松散结合型胞外聚合物(LB-EPS)浓度,降低了膜污染速率。GAC则主要通过冲刷破坏膜表面污泥层,抑制污泥层的生长,减缓了膜污染。Activated carbon was used to mitigate membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors(MBR).Effects of powdered activated carbon(PAC)and granular activated carbon(GAC)on MBR effluent quality and membrane fouling rate were compared.Mitigation mechanisms by activated carbon were obtained by analyzing activated sludge properties such as soluble microbial products(SMP),extracellular polymeric substances(EPS),particle size distribution,capillary suction time(CST)and the cake layer on the membrane.Removal efficiencies of total organic carbon(TOC)and NH4^+-N in three MBRs were higher than 97%and 98%,and the highest TOC removal efficiency was achieved in the reactor dosed with PAC.PAC reduces membrane fouling related components including SMP and loosely-bound EPS(LB-EPS)and decreases membrane fouling rate,while GAC mitigates membrane fouling by scouring membrane surface to suppress the formation of the cake layer.

关 键 词：膜生物反应器 膜污染 活性炭 溶解性微生物 胞外聚合物 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]