辽西低山丘陵区褐土和棕壤坡耕地溅蚀过程模拟  

Simulation Study on Splash Erosion Process of Cinnamon Soil and Brown Soil Slope Farmland in Low Mountain and Hilly Region of Western Liaoning Province

作　　者：董亮 吕刚 傅昕阳 杜昕鹏 李叶鑫 汤家喜[1] DONG Liang;L Gang;FU Xinyang;DU Xinpeng;LI Yexin;TANG Jiaxi(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000;Guangyuan City Construction Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangyuan,Sichuan 628000;College of Mining Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]广元城建投资集团有限公司,四川广元628000 [3]辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2020年第1期78-83,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501548)

摘　　要：为揭示辽西低山丘陵区坡耕地典型土壤溅蚀特征,选取褐土和棕壤作为研究对象,采用人工模拟降雨试验对比研究2种土壤的溅蚀差异。结果表明:褐土和棕壤不同方向溅蚀率、净溅蚀率和总溅蚀率差异较大。不同降雨强度下,棕壤溅蚀率均随降雨历时呈现递减并趋于稳定的趋势;褐土溅蚀率随降雨历时的变化可以划分为缓慢增长阶段、迅速增长阶段、快速下降阶段和相对稳定阶段。褐土的小粒级颗粒完成迁移的降雨历时临界值与不同方向溅蚀率、净溅蚀率和总溅蚀率的降雨历时临界值一致,降雨历时为20~25 min;棕壤的小粒级颗粒完成迁移的降雨历时临界值与不同方向溅蚀率、净溅蚀率和总溅蚀率的降雨历时临界值一致,降雨历时为10~15 min。褐土向上坡溅蚀率、向下坡溅蚀率、净溅蚀率和总溅蚀率皆与降雨历时呈显著二次多项式关系,而棕壤向上坡溅蚀率、向下坡溅蚀率、净溅蚀率和总溅蚀率皆与降雨历时呈显著对数关系。In order to reveal the typical soil splash erosion characteristics of slope farmland in Low Mountain and Hilly Region of Western Liaoning Province, cinnamon soil and brown soil were selected as the research objects, and the differences of splash erosion between the two soils were studied by artificial simulated rainfall experiment. The results showed that there were great differences in splash erosion, net splash erosion and total splash erosion in different directions between cinnamon soil and brown soil. The splash erosion rate of brown soil decreased and tended to be stable with the increasing rainfall duration under different rainfall intensities;the changes of splash erosion rate of cinnamon soil with rainfall duration could be divided into four stages: slow growth stage, rapid growth stage, rapid decline stage and relative stably stage. The critical value of rainfall duration for completing migration of small particles in cinnamon soil and brown soil were 20 ~ 25 min and 10 ~ 15 min, respectively, which was consistent with the critical values of rainfall duration for splash erosion rate, net splash erosion rate and total splash erosion rate with different directions. The uphill splash erosion rate, downhill splash erosion rate, net splash erosion rate and total splash erosion rate of cinnamon soil were significantly quadratic polynomial relationship correlated with rainfall duration, while significantly logarithmic for brown soil.

关 键 词：辽西低山丘陵区 溅蚀率 土壤侵蚀 人工模拟降雨 团聚体 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]