不同砧木‘赤霞珠’葡萄枝条抗寒性比较  

Evaluation of cold resistance of one-year shoots from ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape vine grafted on different rootstocks

作　　者：范宗民 孙军利 赵宝龙[2] 刘怀锋 于坤 章智钧 刘晶晶 FAN Zongmin;SUN Junli;ZHAO Baolong;LIU Huaifeng;YU Kun;ZHANG Zhijun;LIU Jingjing(Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization;The Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecoagriculture,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Agricultural College of Shihezii University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室 [2]绿洲生态农业兵团重点实验室,石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第2期215-225,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（31560542）

摘　　要：【目的】对不同砧木的‘赤霞珠’(Cabernet Sauvignon,简写为CS)葡萄枝条进行抗寒性综合评价,旨在筛选能提高‘赤霞珠’葡萄抗寒性的优良砧木,为新疆地区‘赤霞珠’葡萄抗寒栽培和砧木引进提供理论依据。【方法】将嫁接在5个砧木(5BB、SO4、kangzhen3、5C、140R)的‘赤霞珠’葡萄及自根砧的一年生成熟枝条分别放在-12℃、-15℃、-18℃、-21℃、-24℃、-27℃下进行低温胁迫处理,以4℃为对照,测定其相对电导率(REC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、萌芽率、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等生理指标,通过相对电导率结合Logistic方程获得鉴定植物抗寒性强弱的半致死温度(LT50)。利用主成分分析对各项生理指标进行综合评价。【结果】随着处理温度的下降,所有处理枝条相对电导率值、MDA含量、可溶性蛋白含量、CAT活性呈增加趋势,但增加幅度不同;游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、POD活性先上升后下降;SOD活性呈"升高-降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势;CS/5BB、CS/SO4、CS/kangzhen3、CS/5C、CS/140R、CS的半致死温度从低到高,分别为-20.09℃、-19.37℃、-16.94℃、-16.31℃、-14.74℃、-13.43℃。【结论】6种供试葡萄枝条耐寒性由高到低依次为CS/5BB、CS/SO4、CS/5C、CS/140R、CS/kangzhen3、CS。【Objective】The unique climatic conditions such as abundant sunshine and great temperature difference between day and night contribute to the excellent quality of wine grapes in Xinjiang, which is the largest grape producing area in China.‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, as an excellent wine grape variety,accounts for 70%-80% of the cultivated area of wine grapes in Xinjiang. However, affected by continental monsoon climate, grapes are prone to freezing injury, resulting in a significant reduction in grape yield and quality. In order to avoid or alleviate freezing injury of winter grapes, cold-resistant rootstocks have been applied to wine grapes. This study was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the cold resistance of the shoots of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grape grafted on different rootstocks, to screen out the excellent rootstocks that can improve the cold resistance of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grape. The study provides a reference for cold-resistant cultivation of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grape and rootstock application in Xinjiang.【Methods】Five resistant rootstocks(5BB, SO4, kangzhen3, 5C and 140R) tested in this experiment were introduced from Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the scion was‘Cabernet Sauvignon’(CS). The rootstock-scion combinations included CS/5BB, CS/SO4, CS/kangzhen3, CS/5C and CS/140R. The self-rooted ’Cabernet Sauvignon’ plants(CS) were used as the control. The experimental rootstocks were planted in 2014 and hardwood grafting was carried out in 2015. On November 10, 2018, winter pruning was carried out and shoots from the 6 scion-rootstock combinations or self-rooted plants grown under the same conditions were selected and stored in sand. The shoots were exposed to artificial low temperatures of-12 ℃,-15 ℃,-18 ℃,-21 ℃,-24 ℃, and -27 ℃. Physiological and biochemical indicators, such as relative conductivity(REC), malondialdehyde(MDA), free proline, soluble sugars, soluble proteins, bud germination rate,activities of peroxid

关 键 词：葡萄砧木 低温胁迫 抗寒性 生理指标 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]