基于Wi-Vi指纹的智能手机室内定位方法  

Smartphone-based Accurate Indoor Positioning From Wi-Vi Fingerprints

作　　者：黄刚[1] 胡钊政[1] 蔡浩[2] 陶倩文 李祎承 HUANG Gang;HU Zhao-Zheng;CAI Hao;TAO Qian-Wen;LI Yi-Cheng(Intelligent Transport Systems Center,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063;College of Computer Science and Technology,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学智能交通系统研究中心,武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学计算机科学与技术学院,武汉430063

出　　处：《自动化学报》2020年第2期320-331,共12页Acta Automatica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51679181);湖北省技术创新项目重大专项(2016AAA007);湖北省留学人员科技活动项目择优资助经费(2016-12)资助~~

摘　　要：室内定位是近些年国内外研究的热点,但是目前的室内定位技术在适用性、稳定性和推广性方面仍然存在诸多问题.针对目前室内定位技术的不足,面向公共室内场景的人员自定位问题,本文创新性地提出以室内广泛存在、均匀分布的消防安全出口标志为路标(Landmark),提出以Wi-Vi指纹-WiFi与视觉(Vision)信息相融合的指纹,为位置表征的多尺度定位方法.该方法首先利用室内广泛存在的WiFi无线信号进行粗定位,缩小定位范围;然后在WiFi定位的基础上通过视觉全局和局部特征匹配实现图像级定位和验证;最后参考消防安全出口标志的空间坐标精确计算用户的位置信息.实验中,通过市面上流行的不同型号智能手机在12 000平米办公楼和4万平米商场分别进行实地定位测试.测试结果表明:该方法可以达到实时定位的要求,图像级定位准确率均在97%以上,平均定位误差均在0.5米以下.本文所提出的基于Wi-Vi指纹智能手机定位方法为高精度室内定位问题建议了一种新的解决思路.Indoor positioning is a hot research topic in recent years. Existing methods still have the problems of poor applicability and low stability in different indoor situations. Aiming at solving the localization problem for public indoor environment, this paper for the first time proposes to use exit signs as landmarks that are widely distributed in the indoor environment. By applying these landmarks, a novel multi-scale positioning method is proposed based on Wi-Vi Fingerprint – WiFi and vision integrated fingerprint. The proposed method consists of coarse positioning from WiFi matching,image-level positioning and verification from holistic and local visual feature matching, and positioning refinement from metric positioning based on the space coordinates of exit sign. The proposed method has been tested in an indoor office building of 12 000 square meters and a shopping mall of 40 000 square meters, respectively, by using different smartphones.Experimental results show that the proposed Wi-Vi fingerprint method can achieve real-time positioning with more than97 % accuracy rate for image-level positioning. In both test scenarios, the average positioning errors are less than half meters. The proposed Wi-Vi fingerprint method suggests a new solution to accurate indoor positioning.

关 键 词：室内定位 定位指纹 视觉定位 多尺度定位 

分 类 号：TN92[电子电信—通信与信息系统]