聚乳酸/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与热学性能研究  

Preparation and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

作　　者：邢剑 叶争 徐珍珍[1] 倪庆清 XING Jian;YE Zheng;XU Zhenzhen;NI Qingqing(International Cooperation Research Center of Textile Structure Composite Materials,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu,241000,China;Department of Functional Machinery&Mechanics,Shinshu University,Tokida,Ueda 386-8576,Japan)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学安徽省纺织结构复合材料国家合作研究中心,安徽芜湖241000 [2]日本信州大学纤维学部功能机械和机器人学科,长野上田386-8576

出　　处：《安徽工程大学学报》2019年第6期16-22,27,共8页Journal of Anhui Polytechnic University

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(1908085QE181);生态纺织教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(KLET1712)

摘　　要：利用两种不同碳链长度的季铵盐对蒙脱土(MMT)进行有机化改性,再通过熔融插层法制备聚乳酸(PLA)/有机化蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料,并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和热失重分析仪(TGA)对复合材料的插层结构、结晶行为和热稳定性进行研究。研究表明:两种季铵盐均对MMT成功有机化改性,MMT的层间距由1.50 nm扩大至2.10 nm左右,且两种OMMT的热稳定性均适用于熔融插层;两种PLA纳米复合材料均呈现插层型结构,OMMT的含量对复合材料结构影响不大,MMT片层可起到异相成核剂的作用,从而促进PLA结晶提高结晶度,同时添加OMMT可以提高PLA的初始分解温度(To),但有机改性剂的降解会降低PLA的终止分解温度(Tf)。Montmorillonite(MMT) was first organically modified by two surfactants with different length of carbon chains.The polylactic acid(PLA)/organic MMT(OMMT) nanocomposites were then manufactured by melt intercalation.The X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA) were used to characterize the intercalated structure,crystal behavior and thermal stability of the composites.The results indicated that MMT were successfully modified by two kinds of organic surfactants,and the interlayer spacing increased from 1.50 nm to 2.10 nm.Moreover,the manufactured OMMT could remain stable during the melt intercalation process.The PLA-based nanocomposites exhibited intercalated structure,and the content of OMMT has little effect on the composite structure.The MMT nanolayers could act as nucleating agents to improve the crystallization and increase the crystallinity of PLA.In addition,the addition of OMMT could also increase the initial degradation temperature(To) of PLA,whereas the degradation of organic surfactants could lead to the decrease of final degradation temperature(Tf).

关 键 词：聚乳酸 有机改性蒙脱土 纳米复合材料 结晶性能 热稳定性 

分 类 号：TS102.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]