饲料添加益生菌对多病原阳性的凡纳滨对虾生长与存活的影响  

Effects of Probiotics-Supplemented Diets on the Growth and Survival of Litopenaeus vannamei Carrying Multiple Pathogens

作　　者：练小军 朱开玲[1] 张庆起 万晓媛[1] 谢国驷[1] 郭程程 黄倢 LIAN Xiaojun;ZHU Kailing;ZHANG Qingqi;WAN Xiaoyuan;XIE Guosi;GUO Chengcheng;HUANG Jie(Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Lianyungang Qiming Aquculture Ltd,Lianyungang 222100)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海水养殖病害防治重点实验室,青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛市海水养殖流行病学与生物安保重点实验室,青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]连云港市启明水产有限公司,连云港222100

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2020年第2期121-130,共10页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：江苏省苏北科技专项(科技富民强县)(BN2016058);中国东盟海上合作基金(2016-2018);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-47);青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新项目(2015ASKJ02);948计划(2016-X56);山东省泰山学者建设工程专项共同资助。

摘　　要：采用假交替单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas sp.)KL-32010和微小杆菌(Exiguobacterium sp.)KL-C22014作为益生菌,进行凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)投喂实验,研究上述菌株对带毒对虾的生长与存活的影响。假交替单胞菌KL-32010对致急性肝胰腺坏死副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)(VPAHPND 20130629002S01)有拮抗作用和胞外蛋白酶活性,微小杆菌KL-C22014有胞外蛋白酶活性。待试对虾经检测为白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)、致急性肝胰腺坏死病副溶血弧菌(VPAHPND)和虾肝肠胞虫(EHP)弱阳性。经过为期60 d的养殖实验,结果显示,与投喂普通颗粒饲料的对照组相比,投喂假交替单胞菌KL-32010的对虾存活率提高了213%±43%(P<0.01);投喂微小杆菌KL-C22014的对虾平均生长率提高了105.5%±28.1%(P<0.05);交替投喂2株菌的对虾存活率提高了184%±52%(P<0.05),平均生长率提高了70.6%±32.8%。肠道可培养优势菌研究表明,2株益生菌的投喂显著影响了对虾肠道优势菌群的种类。本研究为带毒虾苗的养殖提供一种有效的病害防控和促生长的手段。Current shrimp farming industries face difficulties associated with disease outbreak caused by pathogens on shrimp larva.The application of probiotics may provide a solution to problems associated with disease.We used Pseudoalteromonas sp.strain KL-32010,which has antagonism against acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VPAHPND)and extracellular protease activity,and Exiguobacterium sp.strain KL-C22014,which has extracellular protease activity,as probiotics in a feeding test of Litopenaeus vannamei to investigate their effects on the growth and survival of shrimp.These two bacterial strains had no pathogenicity to L.vannamei in an immersion challenge at 108 CFU/ml.Weak positive signals for white spot syndrome(WSSV),VPAHPND,and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)were detected in the population of shrimp juveniles used in this study.L.vannamei was fed for 60 days with Pseudoalteromonas sp.KL-32010-supplemented diets(P group),Exiguobacterium sp.KL-C22014-supplemented diets(E group),alternation of the two diets(PE group),and normal diets(C group),respectively.Compared with the control group,the survival rate of the P group significantly improved(by 213%±43%;P<0.01),the average growth rate of E group significantly increased(by 105.5%±28.1%;P<0.05),and the survival rate and average growth rate of the PE group simultaneously improved(by 184%±52%;P<0.05 and by 70.6%±32.8%,respectively).Feeding with Pseudoalteromonas sp.KL-32010 and Exiguobacterium sp.KL-C22014 diets significantly affected the species of dominant microflora colonizing the shrimp gut,but these added probiotic bacterial strains were not detected in the re-isolated and cultivated dominant bacteria colonies.The addition with these probiotics to diets significantly increased some serum immune indexes,such as superoxide dismutase.The study showed that diets supplemented with the above probiotics may provide a practical approach for disease prevention and growth promotion in shrimp farming,even for shrimp positive for multiple

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 益生菌 生长 存活 多病原带毒 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]