中国未来养老模式研究——基于时间银行的拓展路径  

Research on China’s Future Pension Model:Based on Time Bank as Development Path

作　　者：李海舰[1] 李文杰 李然[3] Haijian;Li Wenjie;Li Ran

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所 [2]武汉大学经济与管理学院 [3]中国人民大学商学院

出　　处：《管理世界》2020年第3期76-89,共14页Journal of Management World

基　　金：中国社会科学院哲学社会科学创新工程项目“新经济与中国企业管理创新研究”(课题编号：2017-gjs013);中国社会科学院登峰战略企业管理优势学科建设项目的资助

摘　　要：随着人口老龄化的加剧,占中国总人口70%左右的广大低收入城乡居民的养老保障成为关系国计民生的重要问题,也是建成社会主义现代化强国亟待解决的短板。由于政府养老资源的供给有限和个人养老资金的储蓄不足,时间银行这一新型互助劳务养老模式为完善低收入老龄化群体自我养老提供了新思路。为推进时间银行的广泛发展,本文基于扎根理论,探明了时间银行的构建思路,并通过时间的时间价值、简单劳务与复杂劳务换算、是否回到物物交易、时间储蓄继承制度的理论探讨和政府市场共同发力、加强信任机制建设、融入现代信息技术的保障措施解决了时间银行"规范运行"、"公平交易"、"通存通兑"、"转移接续"等时间置换与时间序列难题。本文旨在打造全方位、宽领域、多层次、一体化的养老服务生态,开创具有中国特色的劳务养老模式,为解决世界养老难题贡献中国智慧和中国方案。Population aging is a development trend in global population and one of the most difficult population problems in the world. At present, China has entered an ultra aging society. Facing the situation of severe declining birthrate and rapid aging population, the intangible pressure of China’s pension has become a major issue related to the national economy and the people’s livelihood, especially the issue of old-age security for low-income groups.Given the dual perspectives of the time background and basic national conditions, China must give full play to the special role of self-support pension which mainly includes the two basic forms of money pension and labor pension.However, there is a dilemma in money pension caused by wealth polarization between the rich and the poor due to the imbalanced distribution of national income currently. In the future great importance should be attached to the realization of the Time Bank which is one of the important forms of labor pension. Therefore, this article mainly focuses on the theoretical support, development path and guarantee measures of labor pension in the self-support model by the intervention of Time Bank, and it aims at opening up new ideas and directions for solving the issue of old-age security for low-income groups.Time Bank is a social platform to exchange the time value of pension services, which provides a stable guarantee for the low-income aging group. Based on the essence and function of Time Bank, this article researches the development of Time Bank as a specific application and practical innovation of the sharing economy theory. It builds the overall operating framework of Time Bank around the basic mechanism of supply and demand matching, covering time accounts, time deposits, and time recycling, and the three elements work together to construct a functional structure that has concrete support for the landing of Time Bank. Through grounded theory, this work has analyzed six developing paths to Time Bank, including focus on time resources, construct

关 键 词：低收入老龄化群体 养老模式 劳务养老 时间银行 

分 类 号：D669.6[政治法律—政治学]