玉米穗腐病样本中温和镰孢菌的鉴定及其生物学特性  

Identification and Biological Characteristics of Fusarium temperatum Causing Maize Ear Rot

作　　者：孙华[1] 李坡[1] 郭宁[1] 石洁[1] 张家齐[1] 张海剑[1] SUN Hua;LI Po;GUO Ning;SHI Jie;ZHANG Jia-qi;ZHANG Hai-jian(Plant Protection Institute,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,IPM Centre of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所/农业部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《玉米科学》2020年第1期177-183,190,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-02);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31601590)

摘　　要：为明确引起玉米穗腐病的一种不常见镰孢菌病原菌及其生物学特性,对采集的镰孢菌穗腐病样本进行病原菌分离和纯化,并通过柯赫氏法则(Koch’s Rule)、形态学特征和分子生物学技术对菌株进行鉴定。结果表明,分离到的菌株ZBSF002为温和镰孢菌(Fusarium temperatum),是玉米穗腐病的致病菌。对其生物学特性研究表明,温和镰孢菌的最适碳源是可溶性淀粉,最适氮源是酵母浸粉,生长温度范围为10℃~35℃,最适温度为30℃。在pH值为4~11的培养基上均能生长和产孢,在pH值7~10培养基上菌丝生长较快且产孢量较大。光照对菌丝生长和产孢量影响不显著,菌株在光照、黑暗、交替光照3种培养条件下均能生长和产孢,连续光照条件下菌丝生长较快,且产孢量较大。病原菌菌丝和分生孢子致死温度为65℃、10 min。In order to confirm an uncommon Fusarium sp. causing maize ear rot and its biological characteristics, the isolation ZBSF002 was isolated and purified from Fusarium species maize ear rot, and the pathogenicity was identified based on the Koch’s rule, morphological characteristics, and molecular biological techniques. The results showed that ZBSF002 was Fusarium temperatum that causing maize ear rot. Biological characteristics showed that the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources of the isolate ZBSF002 were soluble starch and yeast extract, respectively. The temperature range of mycelial growth and sporulation was 10℃-35℃, and the optimum temperature was30℃. The isolate could grow and produce conidia at pH 4-11, but the optimum pH for hyphae growth and sporulation was 7-10. The isolate could grow and produce conidia in continuous illumination, darkness and alternate darkness(12 h), and illumination(12 h), but hyphae grows fastest and spores produce the largest in continuous illumination. The lethal temperature for the mycelia and conidia was 65℃ for 10 minutes.

关 键 词：玉米 玉米穗腐病 温和镰孢菌 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]