让与担保的信托法解释  

Transferring Security Interpreted by Trust Law

作　　者：窦冬辰 DOU Dong-cheng(School of Law,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《科学．经济．社会》2020年第1期70-80,共11页Science Economy Society

摘　　要：让与担保已经成为了我国民商事法律主体进行融资的手段之一。但由于涉及新物权的设立以及对所有权内容的限制,让与担保无法产生确定的物权效力。各地法院对此也存有解释冲突。而根据意思表示解释规则,当事人之间的意思表示以及合意亦可成立信托行为,进而成立信托法律关系。即,债务人将其财产权利移转给债权人,由后者按照约定,为了受益人(债务人)的利益以及特定目的,管理、处分财产。在信托法的视角下,当事人的合意能够与物权法定原则相协调,进而能够使担保功能实现,同时可以对当事人各方的权利义务关系进行妥当解释。作为非典型的担保物权,其并未被法律所规定,同时,立法者也大概率地不会将其规定于我国未来民法典的物权编之中,对物权法定原则也不会进行缓和。在这种背景下,从现行法的角度解释当事人之间的法律关系以及权利义务就更具现实意义。Transferring security has become frequent in our financial activity. However,the creditor could not have property right because it conflicts with the numerus clausus. Judges also hold different views on this issue. According to interpretation and construction rules,the creditor and debtor are forming a fiduciary relationship,which should be governed by trust law.Under trust law,the creditor holds the collateral for the benefit of beneficiary and a specific purpose. Then there will be no conflict between transferring security and numerus clausus,creditor and debtor could realize their secured transaction,and parties‘rights and obligation will be clearly defined. As atypical right for security,transferring security has not been and will not be stipulated in our civil law. So it is wise to find a solution by interpretation of current law.

关 键 词：让与担保 信托关系 物权法定 信托行为 

分 类 号：F403[经济管理—产业经济]