花生蛴螬绿色防控药剂筛选与应用效果比较  

Screening and Evaluation of Insecticides against Peanut Grubs

作　　者：瞿利文 江志彦 汤铭欣 翁群芳[1] 易欣[1] 钟国华[1] QU Li-wen;JIANG Zhi-yan;TANG Ming-xin;WENG Qun-fang;YI Xin;ZHONG Guo-hua(Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural,Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology,Ministry of Education,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学天然农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室,农业农村部华南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《农药》2020年第2期146-149,共4页Agrochemicals

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2018LM1127)。

摘　　要：[目的]为了筛选对花生蛴螬具有高效、安全的绿色防控药剂,提高花生的产量。[方法]筛选调查11种药剂防治花生蛴螬的田间防治效果,评估药剂对花生的出苗率、保株率和产量的影响。[结果]3%阿维菌素·吡虫啉颗粒剂1800~2250 g a.i./hm^2播种前沟施、0.5%毒死蜱颗粒剂2250~2700 g a.i./hm^2和5%毒死蜱颗粒剂2250 g a.i./hm^2播种前撒施,处理后60 d防虫效果80%以上,花生增产23.98%~30.96%;33%吡虫啉·辛硫磷FS 160 g/100kg种子包衣处理保株效果83%,增产12.28%。[结论]毒死蜱单用,吡虫啉与阿维菌素、辛硫磷复配均可有效防治花生蛴螬,对作物安全,保株和增产效果明显,符合绿色防控要求,可推广使用。[Aims]This work aims to screen out the highly efficient,green and safe insecticides to control the peanut grubs and to improve peanut yield.[Methods]The effects of 11 applied insecticides on the control of peanut grubs were evaluated in the fields by determining the emergence,growth,and crop yield of peanut.[Results]The application of avermectin and imidacloprid 3%granules(GR)at 1800-2250 g a.i./ha in furrows,or broadcasting chlorpyrifos 0.5%GR at 2250-2700 g a.i./ha and chlorpyrifos 5%GR at 2250 g a.i./ha before seeding could improve the control effect to 80%after 60 d of treatment,which eventually increased peanut yield by 23.98-30.96%.Furthermore,the application of imidacloprid and phoxim 33%as seed dressing(FS)at the dosage of 160 g/100kg showed a good protection rate of 83%with 12.28%of yield increase.[Conclusions]Taken together,the sole use of chlorpyrifos,or the mixed formulation of imidacloprid and phoxim could effectively protect peanuts from the underground grubs,facilitating crop yield and safety,which could be promising candidates for the green control of grubs in peanuts.

关 键 词：花生 蛴螬 药剂筛选 田间应用 

分 类 号：S482.3[农业科学—农药学]