秦巴山脉区域生态系统服务重要性评价及生态安全格局构建  

Importance Evaluation of Ecosystem Services and Construction of Ecological Security Pattern in Qinba Mountain Area

作　　者：宋婷[1] 李岱青[1] 张林波[1] 王光镇 高艳妮[1] 杨春艳 冯朝阳[1] 马欢 Song Ting;Li Daiqing;Zhang Linbo;Wang Guangzhen;Gao Yanni;Yang Chunyan;Feng Chaoyang;Ma Huan(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2020年第1期64-72,共9页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“秦巴山脉绿色循环发展战略研究(二期)”(2017-ZD-02);国家重点研发计划项目“中国陆地生态系统生态质量综合监测技术与规范研究”(2017YFC0503806)。

摘　　要：秦巴山脉地区生态系统的生态安全格局对维护我国中部地区生态系统结构健康、控制生态过程起着关键性的作用,构建合理的生态安全格局是保障该地区生态安全的有效措施。本研究在对秦巴山脉地区水源涵养、物种多样性、生态固碳和土壤保持服务功能重要性评估的基础上,根据这四项生态服务功能在生态资产价值中所占比重赋予权重,结合生态系统敏感性分析结果,采用景观生态的源汇理论,利用热点分析工具识别秦巴山脉地区生态源地。运用最小累积阻力模型识别潜在生态廊道,在此基础上结合区域内河流水系、关键物种分布特征、自然保护区分布等要素形成带状生态廊道和踏脚石生态廊道;最终形成由6大重要生态斑块、10条河流廊道、2条生物通道,以及26处踏脚石廊道组成的秦巴山脉地区生态安全格局。基于生态系统服务功能重要性的生态安全格局构建,是在生态服务现状基础上提出的规划策略,可为秦巴山脉地区国家公园规划布局,区域生态保护规划和生态文明建设提供重要依据。The ecological security pattern in the Qinba Mountain Area plays a key role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem structure and regulating the ecological process in central China.Constructing a sound ecological security pattern is also an effective measure for ensuring ecological security in the Qinba Mountain Area.This study assesses the importance of four ecological service functions in the Qinba Mountain Area,namely water conservation,species diversity,ecological carbon fixation,and soil conservation.It then assigns weight to these four ecological services according to their proportion in the value of ecological assets.Based on the results of an ecosystem sensitivity analysis and the source-sink theory for landscape ecology,ecological sources of the Qinba Mountain Area are identified using optimized hot spot analysis.Moreover,potential ecological corridors are identified using the minimum cumulative resistance model;strip corridors and stepping stone corridors are further formed according to the river system,the distribution characteristics of key species,and the distribution of nature reserves in this region.Finally,the ecological security pattern of the Qinba Mountain Area is formed,including 6 important ecological patches,10 river corridors,2 biological channels,and 26 stepping stone corridors.This study is conducted based on the current situation of ecosystem services and can provide an important basis for the planning and layout of national parks,regional ecological protection and planning,as well as ecological civilization construction in the Qinba Mountain Area.

关 键 词：秦巴山脉区域 生态系统服务 生态安全格局 生态源地 生态廊道 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]