开孔型聚合物发泡材料的研究及应用进展  

Research and application progress of open-cell polymeric foams

作　　者：陈振[1] 张增志[1,2] 丛中卉 王立宁 吴浩平 CHEN Zhen;ZHANG Zeng-zhi;CONG Zhong-hui;WANG Li-ning;WU Hao-ping(School of Mechanical Electronic&Information Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Research Institute of Ecological and Functional Material,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)机电与信息工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)生态功能材料研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《材料工程》2020年第3期1-9,共9页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50772131);国家高新技术研究发展计划项目(2011AA322100);教育部重点项目(106086);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目(2010YJ05)

摘　　要：聚合物泡沫塑料以其优异的性能成为人们生活中必不可少的物品。开孔型聚合物发泡材料因独特的三维骨架形态被广泛应用于吸音材料、生物医药材料、光学材料和导电材料等领域。特别是聚合物纳米复合材料,为现代医学生产抗菌治疗、组织工程、癌症治疗、医学成像、牙科应用、药物传递等产品提供了新的机遇。本文综述了开孔发泡材料的制备方法、发泡机理及其应用领域,以及最近几年开孔发泡材料新的发展。最后,对材料制备和应用过程中存在的主要问题进行总结并对未来采用聚合物共混、形成微纳米复合材料、涂覆高阻隔材料和聚合物改性等手段制备高性能开孔聚合物发泡材料的发展趋势进行展望。Polymeric foams have become essential items due to their excellent properties. Open-cell foams are widely used in the fields of sound-absorbing, biomedicine, optics, conduction, etc. In particular, polymer nanocomposites offer modern medicine new opportunities for generating products for antibacterial treatment, tissues engineering, cancer therapy, medical imaging, dental applications and drug delivery, etc. In this paper, the preparation methods, foaming mechanism and application fields of open-cell foams were described, as well as new developments in recent years. Finally, the main problems in the process of material preparation and application were summarized and the future development trend of polymer blending, formation of micro-nano composites, coating of high-barrier materials and polymer modification for the preparation of high-performance open-cell polymer foams was forecasted.

关 键 词：聚合物发泡材料 开孔型 纳米复合材料 发泡机理 制备方法 

分 类 号：TQ325[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]